本篇文章主要介绍了android事件分发机制的实现原理，小编觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
android中的事件处理，以及解决滑动冲突问题都离不开事件分发机制，android中的事件流，即MotionEvent都会经历一个从分发，拦截到处理的一个过程。即dispatchTouchEvent(),onInterceptEvent()到onTouchEvent()的一个过程，在dispatchTouchEvent()负责了事件的分发过程，在dispatchTouchEvent()中会调用onInterceptEvent()与onTouchEvent()，如果onInterceptEvent()返回true，那么会调用到当前view的onTouchEvent()方法，如果不拦截，事件就会下发到子view的dispatchTouchEvent()中进行同样的操作。本文将带领大家从源码角度来分析android是如何进行事件分发的。
android中的事件分发流程最先从activity的dispatchTouchEvent()开始:
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) { onUserInteraction(); } if (getWidow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) { return true; } return onTouchEvent(ev); }这里调用了getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)，这里可以看出activity将MotionEvent传寄给了Window。而Window是一个抽象类，superDispatchTouchEvent()也是一个抽象方法，这里用到的是window的子类phoneWindow。
@Override public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event); } 从这里可以看出，event事件被传到了DecorView,也就是我们的顶层view.我们继续跟踪：
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event); }这里调用到了父类的dispatchTouchEvent()方法，而DecorView是继承自FrameLayout，FrameLayout继承了ViewGroup,所以这里会调用到ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()方法。
所以整个事件流从activity开始，传递到window，最后再到我们的view(viewGroup也是继承自view)中，而view才是我们整个事件处理的核心阶段。
我们来看一下viewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()中的实现：
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) { // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture. // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change. cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev); resetTouchState(); }这是dispatchTouchEvent()开始时截取的一段代码，我们来看一下，首先，当我们手指按下view时，会调用到resetTouchState()方法，在resetTouchState()中：
private void resetTouchState() { clearTouchTargets(); resetCancelNextUpFlag(this); mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT; mNestedScrollAxes = SCROLL_AXIS_NONE; }我们继续跟踪clearTouchTargets()方法：
private void clearTouchTargets() { TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget; if (target != null) { do { TouchTarget next = target.next; target.recycle(); target = next; } while (target != null); mFirstTouchTarget = null; } }在clearTouchTargets()方法中，我们最终将mFirstTouchTarget赋值为null，我们继续回到dispatchTouchEvent()中，接着执行了下段代码：
// Check for interception. final boolean intercepted; if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null) { final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0; if (!disallowIntercept) { intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed } else { intercepted = false; } } else { // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down // so this view group continues to intercept touches. intercepted = true; } 当view被按下或mFirstTouchTarget != null 的时候，从前面可以知道，当每次view被按下时，也就是重新开始一次事件流的处理时，mFirstTouchTarget都会被设置成null，一会我们看mFirstTouchTarget是什么时候被赋值的。
从disallowIntercept属性我们大概能猜到是用来判断是否需要坐拦截处理，而我们知道可以通过调用父view的requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true)可以让我们的父view不能对事件进行拦截，我们先来看看requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()方法中的实现：
@Override public void requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) { if (disallowIntercept == ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0)) { // We're already in this state, assume our ancestors are too return; } if (disallowIntercept) { mGroupFlags |= FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT; } else { mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT; } // Pass it up to our parent if (mParent != null) { mParent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(disallowIntercept); } } 这里也是通过设置标志位做判断处理，所以这里是通过改变mGroupFlags标志，然后在dispatchTouchEvent()刚发中变更disallowIntercept的值判断是否拦截，当为true时，即需要拦截，这个时候便会跳过onInterceptTouchEvent()拦截判断，并标记为不拦截，即intercepted = false，我们继续看viewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent()处理：
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { if (ev.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE) && ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && ev.isButtonPressed(MotionEvent.BUTTON_PRIMARY) && isOnScrollbarThumb(ev.getX(), ev.getY())) { return true; } return false; } 即默认情况下，只有在ACTION_DOWN时，viewGroup才会表现为拦截。
我们继续往下看：
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount; if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) { final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex); final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex); // Find a child that can receive the event. // Scan children from front to back. final ArrayList preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList(); final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled(); final View[] children = mChildren; for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) { final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex( childrenCount, i, customOrder); final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView( preorderedList, children, childIndex); // If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it // to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a // normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is // safer given the timeframe. if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) { if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) { continue; } childWithAccessibilityFocus = null; i = childrenCount - 1; } if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child) || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) { ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false); continue; } newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child); if (newTouchTarget != null) { // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds. // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling. newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign; break; } resetCancelNextUpFlag(child); if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) { // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds. mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime(); if (preorderedList != null) { // childIndex points into presorted list, find original index for (int j = 0; j 这段代码首先会通过一个循环去遍历所有的子view，最终会调用到dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()方法，我们继续看dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()的实现：
private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel, View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) { final boolean handled; // Canceling motions is a special case. We don't need to perform any transformations // or filtering. The important part is the action, not the contents. final int oldAction = event.getAction(); if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) { event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL); if (child == null) { handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event); } else { handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event); } event.setAction(oldAction); return handled; } // Calculate the number of pointers to deliver. final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits(); final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits; // If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we // might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event. if (newPointerIdBits == 0) { return false; } // If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy // irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this // dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make. // Otherwise we need to make a copy. final MotionEvent transformedEvent; if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) { if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) { if (child == null) { handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event); } else { final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft; final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop; event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY); handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event); event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY); } return handled; } transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event); } else { transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits); } // Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch. if (child == null) { handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent); } else { final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft; final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop; transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY); if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) { transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix()); } handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent); } // Done. transformedEvent.recycle(); return handled; } 这段代码就比较明显了，如果child不为null，始终会调用到child.dispatchTouchEvent();否则调用super.dispatchTouchEvent();
如果child不为null时，事件就会向下传递，如果子view处理了事件，即dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()即返回true。继续向下执行到addTouchTarget()方法，我们继续看addTouchTarget()方法的执行结果：
private TouchTarget addTouchTarget(@NonNull View child, int pointerIdBits) { final TouchTarget target = TouchTarget.obtain(child, pointerIdBits); target.next = mFirstTouchTarget; mFirstTouchTarget = target; return target; } 这个时候我们发现mFirstTouchTarget又出现了，这时候会给mFirstTouchTarget重新赋值，即mFirstTouchTarget不为null。也就是说，如果事件被当前view或子view消费了，那么在接下来的ACTION_MOVE或ACTION_UP事件中，mFirstTouchTarget就不为null。但如果我们继承了该viewGroup，并在onInterceptTouchEvent()的ACTION_MOVE中拦截了事件，那么后续事件将不会下发，将由该viewGroup直接处理，从下面代码我们可以得到：
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already // dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary. TouchTarget predecessor = null; TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget; while (target != null) { final TouchTarget next = target.next; if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) { handled = true; } else { final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child) || intercepted; if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild, target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) { handled = true; } if (cancelChild) { if (predecessor == null) { mFirstTouchTarget = next; } else { predecessor.next = next; } target.recycle(); target = next; continue; } } predecessor = target; target = next; } 当存在子view并且事件被子view消费时，即在ACTION_DOWN阶段mFirstTouchTarget会被赋值，即在接下来的ACTION_MOVE事件中，由于intercepted为true，所以将ACTION_CANCEL 事件传递过去，从dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()中可以看到：
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) { event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL); if (child == null) { handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event); } else { handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event); } event.setAction(oldAction); return handled; } 并将mFirstTouchTarget 最终赋值为 next，而此时mFirstTouchTarget位于TouchTarget链表尾部，所以mFirstTouchTarget会赋值为null，那么接下来的事件将不会进入到onInterceptTouchEvent()中。也就会直接交由该view处理。
如果我们没有进行事件的拦截，而是交由子view去处理，由于ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent()默认并不会拦截除了ACTION_DOWN以外的事件，所以后续事件将继续交由子view去处理，如果存在子view且事件位于子view内部区域的话。
所以无论是否进行拦截，事件流都会交由view的dispatchTouchEvent()中进行处理，我们接下来跟踪一下view中的dispatchTouchEvent()处理过程：
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) { // Defensive cleanup for new gesture stopNestedScroll(); } if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) { if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) { result = true; } //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo; if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) { result = true; } if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) { result = true; } } 当被按下时，即ACTION_DOWN时，view会停止内部的滚动，如果view没有被覆盖或遮挡时，首先会进行mListenerInfo是否为空的判断，我们看下mListenerInfo是在哪里初始化的：
ListenerInfo getListenerInfo() { if (mListenerInfo != null) { return mListenerInfo; } mListenerInfo = new ListenerInfo(); return mListenerInfo; }这里可以看出，mListenerInfo一般不会是null，知道在我们使用它时调用过这段代码，而当view被加入window中的时候，会调用下面这段代码，从注释中也可以看出来：
/** * Add a listener for attach state changes. * * This listener will be called whenever this view is attached or detached * from a window. Remove the listener using * {@link #removeOnAttachStateChangeListener(OnAttachStateChangeListener)}. * * @param listener Listener to attach * @see #removeOnAttachStateChangeListener(OnAttachStateChangeListener) */ public void addOnAttachStateChangeListener(OnAttachStateChangeListener listener) { ListenerInfo li = getListenerInfo(); if (li.mOnAttachStateChangeListeners == null) { li.mOnAttachStateChangeListeners = new CopyOnWriteArrayList(); } li.mOnAttachStateChangeListeners.add(listener); } 到这里我们就知道，mListenerInfo一开始就是被初始化好了的，所以li不可能为null，li.mOnTouchListener != null即当设置了TouchListener时不为null，并且view是enabled状态，一般情况view都是enable的。这个时候会调用到onTouch()事件，当onTouch()返回true时，这个时候result会赋值true。而当result为true时，onTouchEvent()将不会被调用。
从这里可以看出，onTouch()会优先onTouchEvent()调用；
当view设置touch监听并返回true时，那么它的onTouchEvent()将被屏蔽。否则会调用onTouchEvent()处理。
那么让我们继续来看看onTouchEvent()中的事件处理：
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) { if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) { setPressed(false); } // A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch // events, it just doesn't respond to them. return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE || (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) || (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE); } 首先，当view状态是DISABLED时，只要view是CLICKABLE或LONG_CLICKABLE或CONTEXT_CLICKABLE，都会返回true,而button默认是CLICKABLE的，textview默认不是CLICKABLE的，而view一般默认都不是LONG_CLICKABLE的。
我们继续向下看：
if (mTouchDelegate != null) { if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) { return true; } }如果有代理事件，仍然会返回true.
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE || (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) || (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) { switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0; if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) { // take focus if we don't have it already and we should in // touch mode. boolean focusTaken = false; if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) { focusTaken = requestFocus(); } if (prepressed) { // The button is being released before we actually // showed it as pressed. Make it show the pressed // state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure // the user sees it. setPressed(true, x, y); } if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) { // This is a tap, so remove the longpress check removeLongPressCallback(); // Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state if (!focusTaken) { // Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling // performClick directly. This lets other visual state // of the view update before click actions start. if (mPerformClick == null) { mPerformClick = new PerformClick(); } if (!post(mPerformClick)) { performClick(); } } } if (mUnsetPressedState == null) { mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState(); } if (prepressed) { postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState, ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration()); } else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) { // If the post failed, unpress right now mUnsetPressedState.run(); } removeTapCallback(); } mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false; break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: mHasPerformedLongPress = false; if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) { break; } // Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container. boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer(); // For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for // a short period in case this is a scroll. if (isInScrollingContainer) { mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED; if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) { mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap(); } mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX(); mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY(); postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout()); } else { // Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away setPressed(true, x, y); checkForLongClick(0, x, y); } break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL: setPressed(false); removeTapCallback(); removeLongPressCallback(); mInContextButtonPress = false; mHasPerformedLongPress = false; mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false; break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: drawableHotspotChanged(x, y); // Be lenient about moving outside of buttons if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) { // Outside button removeTapCallback(); if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) { // Remove any future long press/tap checks removeLongPressCallback(); setPressed(false); } } break; } return true; } 当view是CLICKABLE或LONG_CLICKABLE或CONTEXT_CLICKABLE状态时，当手指抬起时，如果设置了click监听，最终会调用到performClick()，触发click()事件。这点从performClick()方法中可以看出：
public boolean performClick() { final boolean result; final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo; if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) { playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK); li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this); result = true; } else { result = false; } sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED); return result; } 从这里我们也可以得出，click事件会在onTouchEvent()中被调用，如果view设置了onTouch()监听并返回true，那么click事件也会被屏蔽掉，不过我们可以在onTouch()中通过调用view的performClick()继续执行click()事件，这个就看我们的业务中的需求了。
从这里我们可以看出，如果事件没有被当前view或子view处理，即返回false，那么事件就会交由外层view继续处理，直到被消费。
如果事件一直没有被处理，会最终传递到Activity的onTouchEvent()中。
到这里我们总结一下：
事件是从Activity->Window->View(ViewGroup)的一个传递流程；
如果事件没有被中途拦截，那么它会一直传到最内层的view控件；
如果事件被某一层拦截，那么事件将不会向下传递，交由该view处理。如果该view消费了事件，那么接下来的事件也会交由该view处理；如果该view没有消费该事件，那么事件会交由外层view处理，...并最终调用到activity的onTouchEvent()中，除非某一层消费了该事件；
一个事件只能交由一个view处理；
DispatchTouchEvent()总是会被调用，而且最先被调用，onInterceptTouchEvent()和onTouchEvent()在DispatchTouchEvent()内部调用；
子view不能干扰ViewGroup对ACTION_DOWN事件的处理；
子view可以通过requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true)控制父view不对事件进行拦截，跳过onInterceptTouchEvent()方法的执行。
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