C语言实现学生信息管理系统(单链表)

 /*copyright(c)2016.烟台大学计算机学院 * All rights reserved, * 文件名称：text.Cpp * 作者：吴敬超 * 完成日期：2016年7月1日 * 版本号：codeblock * * 问题描述: 学生信息管理系统 * 输入描述: * 程序输出： 输出结果 */ #include  #include  #include  #include  #include  # define LEN sizeof(struct Student) struct Student { char num[100];   //学号 char name[200];  //姓名 char sex[100];  //性别 int age;   //年龄 char phone[120];  //电话 char address[120]; //地址 char birthday[200]; //生日 char mail[200] ; //邮件 struct Student *next; }; void menu(); void start(); void welcome(); char filename[30];//全局变量，用来保存要打开的文件名字 struct Student *Creat(int n); //生成链表 struct Student *Creat(int n) { void menu_print_in(void); struct Student *head; struct Student *p1, *p2; system("cls"); for(int i=1;inum,p1->name,p1->sex, &p1->age,p1->phone,p1->address,p1->birthday,p1->mail); p1->next = NULL; if(i==1) { head = p2 = p1; } else { p2->next = p1; p2 = p1; } } return(head); } //数据存盘(wb只写) void WriteData_wb(struct Student *head) { FILE *fp; struct Student *p; if((fp = fopen(filename, "wb"))==NULL) printf("\a 文件打开错误"); p = head; while(p!=NULL) { if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1) { printf("写入数据出错\n"); fclose(fp); return; } p=p->next; } fclose(fp); } //数据存盘(ab追加) void WriteData_ab(struct Student *head) { FILE *fp; struct Student *p; if((fp = fopen(filename, "ab"))==NULL) printf("\a 文件打开错误!"); p = head; while(p!=NULL) { if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1) { printf("写入数据出错\n"); fclose(fp); return; } p=p->next; } fclose(fp); } //读取数据文件保存到链表中 ，返回指向此链表头指针 struct Student *ReadData(void) { struct Student *head = NULL; struct Student *p1, *p2;//s = p1;p = p2; FILE *fp; if((fp=fopen(filename,"rb+"))==NULL) { printf("打开文件出错\n"); exit(0); } while(!feof(fp)) { if((p1=(struct Student*)malloc(LEN))==NULL){ printf("内存申请出错\n"); fclose(fp); exit(0); } if(fread(p1,LEN,1,fp)!=1){ free(p1); break; } if(head==NULL) head=p2=p1; else{ p2->next=p1; p2=p1; } } fclose(fp); return (head); } //全部查询 void display() { system("cls"); void menu_print_out(void); struct Student *p; p = ReadData(); menu_print_out(); do { printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s %4s %4s",p->num,p->name,p->sex, p->age,p->phone,p->address,p->birthday,p->mail); p = p->next; printf("\n\n"); }while(p!=NULL); printf("\n\n"); } //学号查询 int query_num() { system("cls"); void menu_print_out(); struct Student *p; char str_num[10]; printf("请输入您要查询的学号:"); scanf("%s", str_num); p = ReadData(); menu_print_out(); do { if(strcmp(p->num,str_num)==0) { printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s %4s %4s",p->num,p->name,p->sex, p->age,p->phone,p->address,p->birthday,p->mail); printf("\n\n"); return 0; } p = p->next; }while(p!=NULL); printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n"); printf("\n\n"); return 0; } //姓名查询 int query_name() { system("cls"); void menu_print_out(void); struct Student *p; char str_name[20]; printf("请输入您要查询的姓名:"); scanf("%s", str_name); p = ReadData(); menu_print_out(); do { if(strcmp(p->name,str_name)==0) { printf("%-8s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s %4s %4s",p->num,p->name,p->sex, p->age,p->phone,p->address,p->birthday,p->mail); printf("\n\n"); return 0; } p = p->next; }while(p!=NULL); printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n"); printf("\n\n"); return 0; } //【1】修改数据之删除记录 int delStudent() { struct Student *p1, *p2, *head; char str_num[20]; printf("\n请输入您要删除的学号信息:"); scanf("%s", str_num); p1 = ReadData(); p2 = p1->next; head = p1; while(p2!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p1->num,str_num)==0) { WriteData_wb(p2); } else if(strcmp(p2->num,str_num)==0) { p1->next = p2->next; WriteData_wb(head); } p2 = p2->next; p1 = p1->next; } if(p2!=NULL) printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据！\n"); printf("\n\n"); return 0; } //【2】修改数据之修改记录 int change1() { void menu_print_in(void); struct Student *p1, *p2, *head; char str_num[20]; printf("请输入您要修改的学号信息:"); scanf("%s", str_num); p1 = ReadData(); p2 = p1->next; head = p1; while(p2!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p1->num,str_num)==0) { menu_print_in(); scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%s%s",p1->num,p1->name,p1->sex, &p1->age,p1->phone,p1->address,p1->birthday,p1->mail); WriteData_wb(head); } else if(strcmp(p2->num,str_num)==0) { menu_print_in(); scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%s%s",p2->num,p2->name,p2->sex, &p2->age,p2->phone,p2->address,p2->birthday,p2->mail); WriteData_wb(head); } p2 = p2->next; p1 = p1->next; } if(p2!=NULL) printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据！\n"); return 0; } void start() //欢迎界面 { system("color 1E"); printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙\n"); printf("\t\t\t⊙    ⊙\n"); printf("\t\t\t⊙ 欢迎使用学生信息管理系统 ⊙\n"); printf("\t\t\t⊙    ⊙\n"); printf("\t\t\t⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙⊙\n"); printf("\n\t\t\t\t系统开始启动.........\n"); printf("===============================================================================\r"); for(int i=1;i<80;i++) { Sleep(40); printf(">"); } system("CLS"); welcome(); } void welcome()//登录界面 { system("CLS"); system("color 2"); printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★    ★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★ 欢迎使用学生信息管理系统 ★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★    ★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★ 设计者：吴敬超 ★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★    ★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★ 日期：2016.7.1 ★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★    ★\n"); printf("\t\t\t★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★\n"); printf("\n\t\t\t按任意键继续..."); getchar(); system("CLS"); menu(); } //主菜单 void menu() { void addStudent(); void query(); int File_name(); void change(); system("CLS"); system("color D"); printf("\t\t\t★★★★★★主菜单※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※   ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 1.录入学生信息 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 2.查询学生信息 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 3.修改学生信息 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 4. 退出系统 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); int a = 0; a = getchar(); while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4') { printf("错误，请输入正确的号码!\n"); putchar('\a'); getchar(); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); a = getchar(); } switch(a) { case '1': File_name();addStudent(); break; case '2': File_name();query(); break; case '3': File_name();change(); break; case '4': exit(0); break; } getchar(); } int File_name() { printf("\n\t\t请输入您要打开的文件:"); if(scanf("%s", filename)!=1) printf("\a error!"); return 0; } //二级菜单之添加数据 void addStudent() { int Creat_num(); system("cls"); getchar(); system("CLS"); system("color B"); printf("\t\t\t★★★★★★添加数据※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※   ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 1. 新建文件 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※----------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 2. 增添数据 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※----------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 3. 返回菜单 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※----------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); int a = 0; a = getchar(); while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3') { printf("错误，请输入正确的号码!\n"); putchar('\a'); getchar(); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); a = getchar(); } switch(a) { case '1': WriteData_wb(Creat(Creat_num())); printf("\n新建文件成功且数据已成功保存\n"); system("pause"); system("cls"); addStudent(); break; case '2': WriteData_ab(Creat(Creat_num())); printf("\n数据已成功添加\n"); system("pause"); system("cls"); addStudent(); break; case '3': system("cls"); getchar(); menu(); break; } } //二级菜单之查询数据 void query() { system("cls"); getchar(); while(1) { system("CLS"); system("color C"); printf("\t\t\t★★★★★查询数据※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※   ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 1.全部查询 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 2.学号查询 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 3.姓名查询 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 4.返回菜单 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); int a = 0; a = getchar(); while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4') { printf("错误，请输入正确的号码!\n"); putchar('\a'); getchar(); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); a = getchar(); } switch(a) { case '1': display();system("pause");getchar(); break; case '2': query_num();system("pause");getchar(); break; case '3': query_name();system("pause");getchar(); break; case '4': system("cls");getchar();menu(); break; } } } int Creat_num() { printf("\n\t\t请输入您要添加的数据个数:"); int n; if(scanf("%d", &n)!=1) { printf("\a error!"); } return n; } //二级菜单之修改数据/ void change() { system("cls"); getchar(); while(1) { system("CLS"); system("color A"); printf("\t\t\t★★★★★★修改数据※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※   ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 1.删除记录 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 2.修改记录 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※ 3.返回菜单 ※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※------------------------※\n"); printf("\t\t\t※※※※※※※※※※※※※※\n"); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); int a = 0; a = getchar(); while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3') { printf("错误，请输入正确的号码!\n"); putchar('\a'); getchar(); printf("\n\t\t请输入功能前的序号选择服务项目:"); a = getchar(); } switch(a) { case '1': delStudent(); printf("\n\n已成功删除指定数据\n"); system("pause"); getchar(); break; case '2': change1(); printf("\n\n已成功修改指定数据\n"); system("pause"); getchar(); break; case '3': system("cls"); getchar(); menu(); break; } } } //输入输出提示栏 void menu_print_in() { printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); printf("学号 姓名 性别 年龄 电话  地址 生日 邮件 \n"); printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); } void menu_print_out(void) { printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); printf("学号 姓名 性别 年龄 电话  地址 生日 邮件 \n"); printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); } //主函数 int main() { start(); return 0; }