第6天:XHTML代码规范

在开始正式内容制作之前,我们必须先了解一下web标准有关代码的规范。了解这些规范可以帮助你少走弯路,尽快通过代码校验。

1.所有的标记都必须要有一个相应的结束标记

以前在HTML中,你可以打开许多标签,例如

  • 而不一定写对应的

  • 来关闭它们。但在XHTML中这是不合法的。XHTML要求有严谨的结构,所有标签必须关闭。如果是单独不成对的标签,在标签最后加一个"/"来关闭它。例如:


    2.所有标签的元素和属性的名字都必须使用小写

    与HTML不一样,XHTML对大小写是敏感的,和<title>是不同的标签。XHTML要求所有的标签和属性的名字都必须使用小写。例如:<body>必须写成<body> 。大小写夹杂也是不被认可的,通常dreamweaver自动生成的属性名字"onMouseOver"也必须修改成"onmouseover"。</p><h3>3.所有的XML标记都必须合理嵌套</h3><p>同样因为XHTML要求有严谨的结构,因此所有的嵌套都必须按顺序,以前我们这样写的代码:</p><span class=code><p><b></p>/b></span><p>必须修改为:</p><span class=code><p><b></b>/p></p></span><p>就是说,一层一层的嵌套必须是严格对称。</p><h3>4.所有的属性必须用引号""括起来</h3><p>在HTML中,你可以不需要给属性值加引号,但是在XHTML中,它们必须被加引号。例如:</p><span class=code><height=80></span><p>必须修改为:</p><span class=code><height="80"></span><p>特殊情况,你需要在属性值里使用双引号,你可以用",单引号可以使用',例如:</p><span class=code><alt="say'hello'"></span><h3>5.把所有<和&特殊符号用编码表示</h3><ul><li>任何小于号(<),不是标签的一部分,都必须被编码为<span class=code>& l t ;</li></span></li><li>任何大于号(>),不是标签的一部分,都必须被编码为<span class=code>& g t ;</span></li><li>任何与号(&),不是实体的一部分的,都必须被编码为<span class=code>& a m p;</span></li></ul><p>注:以上字符之间无空格。</p><h3>6.给所有属性赋一个值</h3><p>XHTML规定所有属性都必须有一个值,没有值的就重复本身。例如:</p><span class=code><td nowrap></td></span><span class=code><input type="checkbox" name="shirt" value="medium" checked></span><p>必须修改为:</p><span class=code><td nowrap="nowrap"></td></span><span class=code><input type="checkbox" name="shirt" value="medium" checked="checked"></span><h3>7.不要在注释内容中使“--”</h3><p>“--”只能发生在XHTML注释的开头和结束,也就是说,在内容中它们不再有效。例如下面的代码是无效的:</p><span class=code><!--这里是注释-----------这里是注释--></span><p>用等号或者空格替换内部的虚线。</p><span class=code><!--这里是注释============这里是注释--></span><p>以上这些规范有的看上去比较奇怪,但这一切都是为了使我们的代码有一个统一、唯一的标准,便于以后的数据再利用。</p></p></div><p>以上就是第6天:XHTML代码规范的详细内容,更多请关注0133技术站其它相关文章!</p></article><div class="post-actions"><a href="javascript:;" etap="like" class="post-like action action-like" data-pid="0"><i class="fa fa-thumbs-o-up"></i>赞(<span>0</span>)</a><a href="javascript:;" class="action action-rewards" data-event="rewards"><i class="fa fa-jpy"></i> 打赏</a></div><div class="post-copyright">未经允许不得转载:<a href="/">0133技术站首页</a> » <a href="/cate72/">HTML 教程</a></div><!--<div class="article-tags">标签:<a href="/archives/tag/javascript" 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