Sql Server数据库常用Transact-SQL脚本(推荐)

Transact-SQL（又称 T-SQL），是在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase SQL Server 上的 ANSI SQL 实现，这篇文章主要介绍了Sql Server数据库常用Transact-SQL脚本,需要的朋友可以参考下

Transact-SQL

Transact-SQL（又称 T-SQL），是在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase SQL Server 上的 ANSI SQL 实现，与 Oracle 的 PL/SQL 性质相近（不只是实现 ANSI SQL，也为自身数据库系统的特性提供实现支持），在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase Adaptive Server 中仍然被使用为核心的查询语言。

数据库

1、创建数据库

 USE master ; GO CREATE DATABASE Sales ON ( NAME = Sales_dat, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\saledat.mdf', SIZE = 10, MAXSIZE = 50, FILEGROWTH = 5 ) LOG ON ( NAME = Sales_log, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\salelog.ldf', SIZE = 5MB, MAXSIZE = 25MB, FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ; GO

2、查看数据库

 SELECT name, database_id, create_date FROM sys.databases ;

3、删除数据库

 DROP DATABASE Sales;

表

1、创建表

 CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail ( ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL ,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL ,ProductID int NULL ,UnitPrice money NULL ,OrderQty smallint NULL ,ReceivedQty float NULL ,RejectedQty float NULL ,DueDate datetime NULL );

2、删除表

 DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail;

3、重命名表

 EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr';

列

1、添加列

 ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ;

2、删除列

 ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b;

3、重命名列

 EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID', 'TerrID', 'COLUMN';

约束

1、主键

 --在现有表中创建主键 ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID); --在新表中创建主键 CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1 ( TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL , CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID) ) ; --查看主键 SELECT name FROM sys.key_constraints WHERE type = 'PK' AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N'TransactionHistoryArchive'; GO --删除主键 ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID; GO

视图

1、创建视图

 CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate AS SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS p ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ; GO

2、删除视图

 DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate;

存储过程

1、创建存储过程

 CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName nvarchar(50), @FirstName nvarchar(50) AS SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName AND EndDate IS NULL; GO

2、删除存储过程

 DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest;

3、执行存储过程

 EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N'Ackerman', N'Pilar'; -- Or EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N'Ackerman', @FirstName = N'Pilar'; GO -- Or EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N'Pilar', @LastName = N'Ackerman'; GO

4、重命名存储过程

 EXEC sp_rename 'P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest', 'P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2';

5、带有输出参数的存储过程

 CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD @SalesPerson nvarchar(50), @SalesYTD money OUTPUT AS SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD FROM SalesPerson AS sp JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson; RETURN GO --调用 DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money; EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD N'Blythe', @SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT; GO

数据类型