python趣味挑战之爬取天气与微博热搜并自动发给微信好友

忙着毕设与打游戏之余,突然想着写个爬虫练练手,想了想,就写了一个爬虫爬取“中国天气网”与“微博热搜”并定时发送给微信好友,放到服务器上运行了几天算是正常,需要的朋友可以参考下

一、系统环境

1.python 3.8.2

2.webdriver(用于驱动edge)

3.微信电脑版

4.windows10

二、爬取中国天气网

因为中国天气网的网页是动态生成的，所以不能直接爬取到数据，需要先使用webdriver打开网页并渲染完成，然后保存网页源代码，使用beautifulsoup分析数据。爬取的数据包括实时温度、最高温度与最低温度、污染状况、风向和湿度、紫外线状况、穿衣指南八项数据。

 def getZZWeatherAndSendMsg(): HTML1='http://www.weather.com.cn/weather1dn/101190201.shtml' driver=webdriver.Edge() driver.get(HTML1) soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib') #获取实时温度 tem=soup.find('span',class_='temp').string #获取最高温度与最低温度 maxtem=soup.find('span',id='maxTemp').string mintem=soup.find('span',id='minTemp').string #获取污染状况 poll=soup.find('a',href='http://www.weather.com.cn/air/?city=101190201').string #获取风向和湿度 win=soup.find('span',id='wind').string humidity=soup.find('span',id='humidity').string #获取紫外线状况 sun=soup.find('div',class_='lv').find('em').string #获取穿衣指南 cloth=soup.find('dl',id='cy').find('dd').string HTML2='http://www.weather.com.cn/weathern/101190201.shtml' driver.get(HTML2) soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib') #获取天气情况 wea=soup.find_all('p',class_='weather-info')[1].string weatherContent='实时温度：'+tem+'℃'+'\n'+'今日温度变化：'+mintem+'~'+maxtem+'\n'+'今日天气：'+wea+'\n'+'当前风向：'+win+'\n'+'相对湿度：'+humidity+'\n'+'紫外线：'+sun+'\n'+'污染指数：'+poll+'\n'+'穿衣指南:'+cloth+'\n'+'注意天气变化！！' driver.quit() return weatherContent

三、爬取微博热搜

相比于中国天气网，微博热搜要简单很多，直接request得到数据包，然后使用beautiful解析。解析数据后用for循环便利50次保存文本。

 def getWeibo(): url='https://s.weibo.com/top/summary' headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.72 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.41'} r=requests.get(url,headers=headers) r.raise_for_status() r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser") tr=soup.find_all('tr') weiboContent='今日微博热榜：'+'\n' for i in range(2,52): text=tr[i].find('td',class_='td-02').find('a').string weiboContent=weiboContent+str(i-1)+'"'+text+'"'+'\n' return weiboContent

四、微信自动发送消息

使用win32gui自动化操作发送微信消息，首先使用微信的窗口名找到微信句柄，然后模拟键鼠搜索联系人，打开联系人窗口，发送消息并关闭窗口。同时发送多个联系人时可以直接重复这几步操作

 if __name__=="__main__": target_a=['06:55','11:55','19:53'] target_b=['07:00','12:00','19:54'] name_list=['Squirrel B','Squirrel B'] while True: now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime()) print(now) if now[-5:] in target_a: base_weatherContent=getZZWeatherAndSendMsg() weiboContent=getWeibo() if now[-5:] in target_b: hwnd=win32gui.FindWindow("WeChatMainWndForPC", '微信') win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd,win32con.SW_SHOW) win32gui.MoveWindow(hwnd,0,0,1000,700,True) time.sleep(1) for name in name_list: movePos(28,147) click() #2.移动鼠标到搜索框，单击，输入要搜索的名字 movePos(148,35) click() time.sleep(1) setText(name) ctrlV() time.sleep(1)  # 等待联系人搜索成功 enter() time.sleep(1) now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime()) weatherContent='现在是'+now+'\n'+base_weatherContent setText(weatherContent) ctrlV() time.sleep(1) altS() time.sleep(1) setText(weiboContent) ctrlV() time.sleep(1) altS() time.sleep(1) win32gui.PostMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0) time.sleep(60)

五、源代码

 import win32clipboard as w import win32con import win32api import win32gui import ctypes import time import requests from urllib.request import urlopen from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from selenium import webdriver #把文字放入剪贴板 def setText(aString): w.OpenClipboard() w.EmptyClipboard() w.SetClipboardData(win32con.CF_UNICODETEXT,aString) w.CloseClipboard() #模拟ctrl+V def ctrlV(): win32api.keybd_event(17,0,0,0) #ctrl win32api.keybd_event(86,0,0,0) #V win32api.keybd_event(86,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)#释放按键 win32api.keybd_event(17,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0) #模拟alt+s def altS(): win32api.keybd_event(18,0,0,0) win32api.keybd_event(83,0,0,0) win32api.keybd_event(83,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0) win32api.keybd_event(18,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0) # 模拟enter def enter(): win32api.keybd_event(13,0,0,0) win32api.keybd_event(13,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0) #模拟单击 def click(): win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0) #移动鼠标的位置 def movePos(x,y): win32api.SetCursorPos((x,y)) def getZZWeatherAndSendMsg(): HTML1='http://www.weather.com.cn/weather1dn/101190201.shtml' driver=webdriver.Edge() driver.get(HTML1) soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib') #获取实时温度 tem=soup.find('span',class_='temp').string #获取最高温度与最低温度 maxtem=soup.find('span',id='maxTemp').string mintem=soup.find('span',id='minTemp').string #获取污染状况 poll=soup.find('a',href='http://www.weather.com.cn/air/?city=101190201').string #获取风向和湿度 win=soup.find('span',id='wind').string humidity=soup.find('span',id='humidity').string #获取紫外线状况 sun=soup.find('div',class_='lv').find('em').string #获取穿衣指南 cloth=soup.find('dl',id='cy').find('dd').string HTML2='http://www.weather.com.cn/weathern/101190201.shtml' driver.get(HTML2) soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib') #获取天气情况 wea=soup.find_all('p',class_='weather-info')[1].string weatherContent='实时温度：'+tem+'℃'+'\n'+'今日温度变化：'+mintem+'~'+maxtem+'\n'+'今日天气：'+wea+'\n'+'当前风向：'+win+'\n'+'相对湿度：'+humidity+'\n'+'紫外线：'+sun+'\n'+'污染指数：'+poll+'\n'+'穿衣指南:'+cloth+'\n'+'注意天气变化！！' driver.quit() return weatherContent def getWeibo(): url='https://s.weibo.com/top/summary' headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.72 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.41'} r=requests.get(url,headers=headers) r.raise_for_status() r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser") tr=soup.find_all('tr') weiboContent='今日微博热榜：'+'\n' for i in range(2,52): text=tr[i].find('td',class_='td-02').find('a').string weiboContent=weiboContent+str(i-1)+'"'+text+'"'+'\n' return weiboContent if __name__=="__main__": target_a=['06:55','11:55','19:53'] target_b=['07:00','12:00','19:54'] name_list=['Squirrel B','Squirrel B'] while True: now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime()) print(now) if now[-5:] in target_a: base_weatherContent=getZZWeatherAndSendMsg() weiboContent=getWeibo() if now[-5:] in target_b: hwnd=win32gui.FindWindow("WeChatMainWndForPC", '微信') win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd,win32con.SW_SHOW) win32gui.MoveWindow(hwnd,0,0,1000,700,True) time.sleep(1) for name in name_list: movePos(28,147) click() #2.移动鼠标到搜索框，单击，输入要搜索的名字 movePos(148,35) click() time.sleep(1) setText(name) ctrlV() time.sleep(1)  # 等待联系人搜索成功 enter() time.sleep(1) now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime()) weatherContent='现在是'+now+'\n'+base_weatherContent setText(weatherContent) ctrlV() time.sleep(1) altS() time.sleep(1) setText(weiboContent) ctrlV() time.sleep(1) altS() time.sleep(1) win32gui.PostMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0) time.sleep(60)