Python 切片索引越界的问题(数组下标越界)

Python语言处理字符串、数组类的问题时有一定概率需要使用切片方法，本文主要介绍了Python 切片索引越界的问题，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

前言

Python语言处理字符串、数组类的问题时有一定概率需要使用切片方法，比如：Leetcode_5。
学习官方解法时发现切片的索引可以超出字符串或数组最大索引值，此时编译器不会报错。
欢迎大佬留言说明这种情况的具体原因，本文只进行一些情况的简单测试。

实例代码

 a = '123' b = a[:5] print(b)

发现结果为123，编译器没有报错。而当直接使用a[5]时即报错string index out of range。下面是测试结果。

测试代码（字符串）

 a = "1234567890" a1 = a[:] a2 = a[:len(a)] a3 = a[:15] a4 = a[16:16] a5 = a[:2]

运行结果：

This is the id of 'a' : 2707772994160
This is the type of 'a' :
This is the value of 'a' : 1234567890
This is the id of 'a1' : 2707772994160
This is the type of 'a1' :
This is the value of 'a1' : 1234567890
This is the id of 'a2' : 2707772994160
This is the type of 'a2' :
This is the value of 'a2' : 1234567890
This is the id of 'a3' : 2707772994160
This is the type of 'a3' :
This is the value of 'a3' : 1234567890
This is the id of 'a4' : 2707740774832
This is the type of 'a4' :
This is the value of 'a4' :
This is the id of 'a5' : 2707773122544
This is the type of 'a5' :
This is the value of 'a5' : 12

值得注意的地方：

若切片后结果与原来相同，则新字符串所指向的物理地址就是原字符串的物理地址(a1、a2、a3)。
若切片后结果与原来不同，则新字符串指向新的物理地址(a5)。
若当前切片索引范围内不存在合法数值，则返回相应类型的空值(a4)。

测试代码（数组）

 b = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] b1 = b[:] b2 = b[:len(b)] b3 = b[:15] b4 = b[16:16] b5 = b[:2]

This is the id of 'b' : 2260784433096
This is the type of 'b' :
This is the value of 'b' : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
This is the id of 'b1' : 2260784432456
This is the type of 'b1' :
This is the value of 'b1' : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
This is the id of 'b2' : 2260784470920
This is the type of 'b2' :
This is the value of 'b2' : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
This is the id of 'b3' : 2260784534280
This is the type of 'b3' :
This is the value of 'b3' : [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
This is the id of 'b4' : 2260784471432
This is the type of 'b4' :
This is the value of 'b4' : []
This is the id of 'b5' : 2260784231944
This is the type of 'b5' :
This is the value of 'b5' : [1, 2]