python 密码验证(滑块验证)

滑块密码在很多登录界面都可以看到，本文主要介绍了python 密码验证(滑块验证)，文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

题目描述：

(1)模拟登陆界面，判别用户名和密码，给出合适的提示，如果超过三次，锁定输入。用代替密码；或者最新输入显示，前面的变成；安全性措施。
(2)同时添加如下图的加强验证（京东）。
(3)在触动滚动条时再出现空缺位置。

在这里插入图片描述

拓展：

增加注册页面，可供用户注册新用户
增加数字验证码区别人机

解题思路/算法分析/问题及解决

滑块验证就是将滑块的移动和图片小块的移动相绑定，在滑块松开时触发相对应的检查函数，为了有一定的容错率，设定滑块的位置与设定的位置相差3个像素以内即算验证成功。

每次的位置随机生成，同时随即从14张事先准备好的图片中选取一张作为背景图。
图片小块和背景图片分别放在两个不同的QLabel容器中。
每次刷新时将背景图片的相应位置抠出放于图片小块中，并将背景图片的相应部分置为白色以示区别。
拓展：
新增注册页部分就是点击按钮弹出注册页的对话框，可在里面输入新用户信息并保存到用户信息字典中，随后可用新注册的用户登录。
数字验证码由4位数字0-9和字母a-z及A-Z组成，随机在可行字符集中选取4个字符组成四位验证码，然后自动生成验证码以图片的方式呈现给用户。

实验代码

登录主界面：
登录验证：

def check_login_func(self): if not self.validate_line.text(): QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "还未输入验证码") return validate_slide = Validate_page() r = validate_slide.exec_() if not r: return if self.validate.upper() == self.validate_line.text().upper(): if USER_PWD.get(self.user_line.text()) == self.pwd_line.text(): QMessageBox.information(self, 'Information', 'Log in Successfully!') self.nums = 0 self.refresh() # self.close() # self.STU.exec() else: QMessageBox.critical(self, 'Wrong', 'Wrong Username or Password!') self.nums = self.nums + 1 if self.nums == 3: QMessageBox.critical(self, "wrong", "密码输错次数已达三次！") self.close() self.user_line.clear() self.pwd_line.clear() self.validate_line.clear() else: QMessageBox.critical(self, "wrong", "验证码输入有误！") self.refresh() self.validate_line.clear()

自动生成验证码图片：

def get_chars(): """生成给定长度的字符串，返回列表格式""" return random.sample(chars, length) def create_lines(): """绘制干扰线""" line_num = random.randint(*n_line)  # 干扰线条数 for i in range(line_num): # 起始点 begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1])) # 结束点 end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1])) draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0)) def create_points(): """绘制干扰点""" chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance)))  # 大小限制在[0, 100] for w in range(width): for h in range(height): tmp = random.randint(0, 100) if tmp > 100 - chance: draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0)) def create_strs(): """绘制验证码字符""" c_chars = get_chars() strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars)  # 每个字符前后以空格隔开 font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size) font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs) draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3), strs, font=font, fill=fg_color) return ''.join(c_chars) if draw_lines: create_lines() if draw_points: create_points() strs = create_strs() # 图形扭曲参数 params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100, 0, 0, 0, 1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100, float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500, 0.001, float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500 ] img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params)  # 创建扭曲 img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE)  # 滤镜，边界加强（阈值更大） mstream = io.BytesIO() img.save(mstream, img_type) if save_img: img.save("validate.jpg-600", img_type) return mstream, strs

注册界面部分：
页面初始化：

def __init__(self): super(SigninPage, self).__init__() self.signin_user_label = QLabel('Username:', self) self.signin_pwd_label = QLabel('Password:', self) self.signin_pwd2_label = QLabel('Password:', self) self.signin_user_line = QLineEdit(self) self.signin_pwd_line = QLineEdit(self) self.signin_pwd2_line = QLineEdit(self) self.signin_button = QPushButton('Sign in', self) self.user_h_layout = QHBoxLayout() self.pwd_h_layout = QHBoxLayout() self.pwd2_h_layout = QHBoxLayout() self.all_v_layout = QVBoxLayout() self.lineedit_init() self.pushbutton_init() self.layout_init() def layout_init(self): self.user_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_user_label) self.user_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_user_line) self.pwd_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd_label) self.pwd_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd_line) self.pwd2_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd2_label) self.pwd2_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd2_line) self.all_v_layout.addLayout(self.user_h_layout) self.all_v_layout.addLayout(self.pwd_h_layout) self.all_v_layout.addLayout(self.pwd2_h_layout) self.all_v_layout.addWidget(self.signin_button) self.setLayout(self.all_v_layout) def lineedit_init(self): self.signin_user_line.setPlaceholderText("username") self.signin_pwd_line.setPlaceholderText("password") self.signin_pwd2_line.setPlaceholderText("password again") self.signin_pwd_line.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Password) self.signin_pwd2_line.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Password) self.signin_user_line.textChanged.connect(self.check_input_func) self.signin_pwd_line.textChanged.connect(self.check_input_func) self.signin_pwd2_line.textChanged.connect(self.check_input_func)

注册检验部分：

def check_signin_func(self): if self.signin_pwd_line.text() != self.signin_pwd2_line.text(): QMessageBox.critical(self, 'Wrong', 'Two Passwords Typed Are Not Same!') elif self.signin_user_line.text() not in USER_PWD: USER_PWD[self.signin_user_line.text()] = self.signin_pwd_line.text() QMessageBox.information(self, 'Information', 'Register Successfully') self.close() else: QMessageBox.critical(self, 'Wrong', 'This Username Has Been Registered!') self.signin_user_line.clear() self.signin_pwd_line.clear() self.signin_pwd2_line.clear()

滑块验证部分：

class Validate_page(QDialog): def __init__(self): super(Validate_page, self).__init__() self.resize(600, 500) self.setWindowTitle("拖动滑块验证") self.initUI() self.Widget_init() self.refresh() # self.show() def initUI(self): # 初始化相关控件位置 self.lb_bg = QLabel(self) self.lb_sl = QLabel(self) self.lb_bg.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid red") # self.lb_sl.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid blue") self.lb_bg.setGeometry(100, 100, 400, 200) self.lb_wz = QLabel(self) # self.lb_wz.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid green") self.refresh() self.button = QPushButton("取消", self) self.button.setGeometry(400, 430, 100, 50) self.slider = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal, self) self.slider.setGeometry(100, 350, 400, 50) def Widget_init(self): # 初始化相关组件的信号连接 self.slider.setMinimum(0) self.slider.setMaximum(360) self.slider.valueChanged.connect(self.slide) self.slider.sliderReleased.connect(self.check) self.button.clicked.connect(self.cancel) def slide(self, value): self.lb_sl.move(100 + value, self.answer_y)  # 将滑块与图片小块绑定 # print(value) def refresh(self): import random # 随机生成验证区域 self.answer_x = random.randint(100, 460) self.answer_y = random.randint(100, 260) pic = random.randint(0, 14) self.lb_sl.setGeometry(100, self.answer_y, 40, 40) self.lb_wz.setGeometry(self.answer_x, self.answer_y, 40, 40) img = cv2.imread(f"pic/{pic}.jpeg")  # 读取背景图片 img = cv2.resize(img, (400, 200)) x = self.answer_x - 100 y = self.answer_y - 100 img1 = copy.copy(img[y:y + 40, x:x + 40])  # 扣40*40的图片小块 img[y:y + 40, x:x + 40] = 255  # 将被扣区域置为白色 img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB) img1 = cv2.cvtColor(img1, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB) qt_img = QImage(img.data, 400, 200, QImage.Format_RGB888) qt_img1 = QImage(img1.data, 40, 40, QImage.Format_RGB888) self.lb_bg.setPixmap(QPixmap.fromImage(qt_img)) self.lb_sl.setPixmap(QPixmap.fromImage(qt_img1)) def check(self):  # 检验滑动验证是否成功 # 获取设定区域坐标 x = self.lb_sl.pos().x() y = self.lb_sl.pos().y() print(f"({x},{y})") if abs(x - self.answer_x) <= 3:  # 容错为3px QMessageBox.information(self, "恭喜", "验证成功") self.done(1) else: QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "验证失败") self.slider.setValue(0) self.refresh() def cancel(self): self.done(0)  # 点击取消滑动验证

运行结果

在这里插入图片描述