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扫描器需要实现的功能思维导图
爬虫编写思路
首先需要开发一个爬虫用于收集网站的链接，爬虫需要记录已经爬取的链接和待爬取的链接，并且去重，用 Python 的set()就可以解决，大概流程是：
- 输入 URL
- 下载解析出 URL
- URL 去重，判断是否为本站
- 加入到待爬列表
- 重复循环
SQL 判断思路
- 通过在 URL 后面加上AND %d=%d或者OR NOT (%d>%d)
- %d后面的数字是随机可变的
- 然后搜索网页中特殊关键词，比如：
MySQL 中是 SQL syntax.*MySQL
Microsoft SQL Server 是 Warning.*mssql_
Microsoft Access 是 Microsoft Access Driver
Oracle 是 Oracle error
IBM DB2 是 DB2 SQL error
SQLite 是 SQLite.Exception
...
通过这些关键词就可以判断出所用的数据库
- 还需要判断一下 waf 之类的东西，有这种东西就直接停止。简单的方法就是用特定的 URL 访问，如果出现了像IP banned，fierwall之类的关键词，可以判断出是waf。具体的正则表达式是(?i)(\A|\b)IP\b.*\b(banned|blocked|bl(a|o)ck\s?list|firewall)
- 开发准备展开目录
请安装这些库
pip install requests pip install beautifulsoup4
实验环境是 Linux，创建一个Code目录，在其中创建一个work文件夹，将其作为工作目录
目录结构
/w8ay.py // 项目启动主文件
/lib/core // 核心文件存放目录
/lib/core/config.py // 配置文件
/script // 插件存放
/exp // exp和poc存放
步骤
SQL 检测脚本编写
DBMS_ERRORS = { 'MySQL': (r"SQL syntax.*MySQL", r"Warning.*mysql_.*", r"valid MySQL result", r"MySqlClient\."), "PostgreSQL": (r"PostgreSQL.*ERROR", r"Warning.*\Wpg_.*", r"valid PostgreSQL result", r"Npgsql\."), "Microsoft SQL Server": (r"Driver.* SQL[\-\_\ ]*Server", r"OLE DB.* SQL Server", r"(\W|\A)SQL Server.*Driver", r"Warning.*mssql_.*", r"(\W|\A)SQL Server.*[0-9a-fA-F]{8}", r"(?s)Exception.*\WSystem\.Data\.SqlClient\.", r"(?s)Exception.*\WRoadhouse\.Cms\."), "Microsoft Access": (r"Microsoft Access Driver", r"JET Database Engine", r"Access Database Engine"), "Oracle": (r"\bORA-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]", r"Oracle error", r"Oracle.*Driver", r"Warning.*\Woci_.*", r"Warning.*\Wora_.*"), "IBM DB2": (r"CLI Driver.*DB2", r"DB2 SQL error", r"\bdb2_\w+\("), "SQLite": (r"SQLite/JDBCDriver", r"SQLite.Exception", r"System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteException", r"Warning.*sqlite_.*", r"Warning.*SQLite3::", r"\[SQLITE_ERROR\]"), "Sybase": (r"(?i)Warning.*sybase.*", r"Sybase message", r"Sybase.*Server message.*"), }通过正则表达式就可以判断出是哪个数据库了
for (dbms, regex) in ((dbms, regex) for dbms in DBMS_ERRORS for regex in DBMS_ERRORS[dbms]): if (re.search(regex,_content)): return True
下面是我们测试语句的payload
BOOLEAN_TESTS = (" AND %d=%d", " OR NOT (%d=%d)")用报错语句返回正确的内容和错误的内容进行对比
for test_payload in BOOLEAN_TESTS: # Right Page RANDINT = random.randint(1, 255) _url = url + test_payload % (RANDINT, RANDINT) content["true"] = Downloader.get(_url) _url = url + test_payload % (RANDINT, RANDINT + 1) content["false"] = Downloader.get(_url) if content["origin"] == content["true"] != content["false"]: return "sql found: %" % url
这句
content["origin"] == content["true"] != content["false"]
意思就是当原始网页等于正确的网页不等于错误的网页内容时，就可以判定这个地址存在注入漏洞
完整代码：
import re, random from lib.core import Download def sqlcheck(url): if (not url.find("?")): # Pseudo-static page return false; Downloader = Download.Downloader() BOOLEAN_TESTS = (" AND %d=%d", " OR NOT (%d=%d)") DBMS_ERRORS = { # regular expressions used for DBMS recognition based on error message response "MySQL": (r"SQL syntax.*MySQL", r"Warning.*mysql_.*", r"valid MySQL result", r"MySqlClient\."), "PostgreSQL": (r"PostgreSQL.*ERROR", r"Warning.*\Wpg_.*", r"valid PostgreSQL result", r"Npgsql\."), "Microsoft SQL Server": (r"Driver.* SQL[\-\_\ ]*Server", r"OLE DB.* SQL Server", r"(\W|\A)SQL Server.*Driver", r"Warning.*mssql_.*", r"(\W|\A)SQL Server.*[0-9a-fA-F]{8}", r"(?s)Exception.*\WSystem\.Data\.SqlClient\.", r"(?s)Exception.*\WRoadhouse\.Cms\."), "Microsoft Access": (r"Microsoft Access Driver", r"JET Database Engine", r"Access Database Engine"), "Oracle": (r"\bORA-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]", r"Oracle error", r"Oracle.*Driver", r"Warning.*\Woci_.*", r"Warning.*\Wora_.*"), "IBM DB2": (r"CLI Driver.*DB2", r"DB2 SQL error", r"\bdb2_\w+\("), "SQLite": (r"SQLite/JDBCDriver", r"SQLite.Exception", r"System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteException", r"Warning.*sqlite_.*", r"Warning.*SQLite3::", r"\[SQLITE_ERROR\]"), "Sybase": (r"(?i)Warning.*sybase.*", r"Sybase message", r"Sybase.*Server message.*"), } _url = url + "%29%28%22%27" _content = Downloader.get(_url) for (dbms, regex) in ((dbms, regex) for dbms in DBMS_ERRORS for regex in DBMS_ERRORS[dbms]): if (re.search(regex,_content)): return True content = {} content['origin'] = Downloader.get(_url) for test_payload in BOOLEAN_TESTS: # Right Page RANDINT = random.randint(1, 255) _url = url + test_payload % (RANDINT, RANDINT) content["true"] = Downloader.get(_url) _url = url + test_payload % (RANDINT, RANDINT + 1) content["false"] = Downloader.get(_url) if content["origin"] == content["true"] != content["false"]: return "sql found: %" % url将这个文件命名为sqlcheck.py，放在/script目录中。代码的第 4 行作用是查找 URL 是否包含?，如果不包含，比方说伪静态页面，可能不太好注入，因此需要过滤掉
爬虫的编写
爬虫的思路上面讲过了，先完成 URL 的管理，我们单独将它作为一个类，文件保存在/lib/core/UrlManager.py
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- class UrlManager(object): def __init__(self): self.new_urls = set() self.old_urls = set() def add_new_url(self, url): if url is None: return if url not in self.new_urls and url not in self.old_urls: self.new_urls.add(url) def add_new_urls(self, urls): if urls is None or len(urls) == 0: return for url in urls: self.add_new_url(url) def has_new_url(self): return len(self.new_urls) != 0 def get_new_url(self): new_url = self.new_urls.pop() self.old_urls.add(new_url) return new_url
为了方便，我们也将下载功能单独作为一个类使用，文件保存在lib/core/Downloader.py
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- import requests class Downloader(object): def get(self, url): r = requests.get(url, timeout = 10) if r.status_code != 200: return None _str = r.text return _str def post(self, url, data): r = requests.post(url, data) _str = r.text return _str def download(self, url, htmls): if url is None: return None _str = {} _str["url"] = url try: r = requests.get(url, timeout = 10) if r.status_code != 200: return None _str["html"] = r.text except Exception as e: return None htmls.append(_str)特别说明，因为我们要写的爬虫是多线程的，所以类中有个download方法是专门为多线程下载专用的
在lib/core/Spider.py中编写爬虫
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- from lib.core import Downloader, UrlManager import threading from urllib import parse from urllib.parse import urljoin from bs4 import BeautifulSoup class SpiderMain(object): def __init__(self, root, threadNum): self.urls = UrlManager.UrlManager() self.download = Downloader.Downloader() self.root = root self.threadNum = threadNum def _judge(self, domain, url): if (url.find(domain) != -1): return True return False def _parse(self, page_url, content): if content is None: return soup = BeautifulSoup(content, 'html.parser') _news = self._get_new_urls(page_url, soup) return _news def _get_new_urls(self, page_url, soup): new_urls = set() links = soup.find_all('a') for link in links: new_url = link.get('href') new_full_url = urljoin(page_url, new_url) if (self._judge(self.root, new_full_url)): new_urls.add(new_full_url) return new_urls def craw(self): self.urls.add_new_url(self.root) while self.urls.has_new_url(): _content = [] th = [] for i in list(range(self.threadNum)): if self.urls.has_new_url() is False: break new_url = self.urls.get_new_url() ## sql check try: if (sqlcheck.sqlcheck(new_url)): print("url:%s sqlcheck is valueable" % new_url) except: pass print("craw:" + new_url) t = threading.Thread(target = self.download.download, args = (new_url, _content)) t.start() th.append(t) for t in th: t.join() for _str in _content: if _str is None: continue new_urls = self._parse(new_url, _str["html"]) self.urls.add_new_urls(new_urls)爬虫通过调用craw()方法传入一个网址进行爬行，然后采用多线程的方法下载待爬行的网站，下载之后的源码用_parse方法调用BeautifulSoup进行解析，之后将解析出的 URL 列表丢入 URL 管理器，这样循环，最后只要爬完了网页，爬虫就会停止
threading库可以自定义需要开启的线程数，线程开启后，每个线程会得到一个 url 进行下载，然后线程会阻塞，阻塞完毕后线程放行
爬虫和 SQL 检查的结合
在lib/core/Spider.py文件引用一下from script import sqlcheck，在craw()方法中，取出新的 URL 地方调用一下
##sql check try: if(sqlcheck.sqlcheck(new_url)): print("url:%s sqlcheck is valueable"%new_url) except: pass用try检测可能出现的异常，绕过它，在文件w8ay.py中进行测试
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- ''' Name: w8ayScan Author: mathor Copyright (c) 2019 ''' import sys from lib.core.Spider import SpiderMain def main(): root = "https://wmathor.com" threadNum = 50 w8 = SpiderMain(root, threadNum) w8.craw() if __name__ == "__main__": main()
很重要的一点！为了使得lib和script文件夹中的.py文件可以可以被认作是模块，请在lib、lib/core和script文件夹中创建__init__.py文件，文件中什么都不需要写
总结
SQL 注入检测通过一些payload使页面出错，判断原始网页，正确网页，错误网页即可检测出是否存在 SQL 注入漏洞
通过匹配出 sql 报错出来的信息，可以正则判断所用的数据库
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