Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

 #新建工程 python manage.py startapp test30 #修改 settings.py INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'stu' ] #修改urls.py from django.conf.urls import url, include from django.contrib import admin urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'student/',include('stu.urls')), ] #新增加 stu/urls.py #coding:utf-8 from django.conf.urls import url import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$',views.index_view) ] #编辑 stu/views.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from __future__ import unicode_literals from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render # Create your views here. #原生上传文件方式 def index_view(request): if request.method == 'GET': return render(request,'index.html') elif request.method == 'POST': #获取请求参数 uname = request.POST.get('uname','') photo = request.FILES.get('photo','') print photo.name import os print os.getcwd() if not os.path.exists('media'): os.mkdir('media') #拼接路径 with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',photo.name),'wb') as fw: # photo.read() #一次性读取文件到内存 # fw.write(photo.read()) #分块读取，性能高 for ck in photo.chunks(): fw.write(ck) return HttpResponse('It is post request,上传成功') else: return HttpResponse('It is not post and get request!') #新增加模板文件 templates/index.html    
 {% csrf_token %} 
 姓名: 
 头像: 
      
 #效果如下: 访问: http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/

 需求： 效果: 访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 通过注册将姓名、头像地址传入数据库中； 访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall 将数据库信息通过表格形式展示 ###过程 #修改 settings.py ，templates 新增加 'django.template.context_processors.media' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')] , 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', 'django.template.context_processors.media' ], }, }, ] 末尾增加： # global_settings #指定上传文件存储相对路径（读取文件） MEDIA_URL = '/media/' #指定上传文件存储绝对路径（存储文件） MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media') #创建数据库模型 stu/models.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from __future__ import unicode_literals from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Student(models.Model): sno = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) sname = models.CharField(max_length=30) photo = models.ImageField(upload_to='imgs') def __unicode__(self): return u'Student:%s'%self.sname #生成数据库迁移文件,查看数据库表结构 python makemigrations stu python migrate #修改 urls.py 因为显示问题，增加 DEBUG 内容 from django.conf.urls import url, include from django.contrib import admin from test30.settings import DEBUG, MEDIA_ROOT urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'student/',include('stu.urls')), ] from django.views.static import serve if DEBUG: urlpatterns+=url(r'^media/(?P.*)/$', serve, {"document_root": MEDIA_ROOT}), #修改 urls， stu/urls.py #coding:utf-8 from django.conf.urls import url import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$',views.index_view), url(r'^upload/$',views.upload_view), url(r'^showall/$',views.showall_view) ] # 修改 stu/views.py #django 上传文件方式 def upload_view(request): uname = request.POST.get('uname','') photo = request.FILES.get('photo','') #入库操作 Student.objects.create(sname=uname,photo=photo) return HttpResponse('上传成功!') #显示图片 def showall_view(request): stus = Student.objects.all() print stus return render(request,'show.html',{'stus':stus}) # 修改 index.html    
 {% csrf_token %} 
 姓名: 
 头像: 
      
 # 增加模板文件 show.html     {% for stu in stus %}  {% endfor %} 
 
 
编号
姓名
头像
操作
 
{{ forloop.counter }}
{{ stu.sname }}
 下载
 效果图： http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 注册实现数据库录入操作(点击提交通过index.html 中action="/student/upload/" 将url 转发至函数upload_view ，实现上传功能) http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ 实现数据库信息展示

 ### 需求 在显示页面点击下载实现图片的下载功能 过程： #修改 show.html ，加入 下载的超链接     {% for stu in stus %}  {% endfor %} 
 
 
编号
姓名
头像
操作
 
{{ forloop.counter }}
{{ stu.sname }}
下载
 #因为 show.html href="/student/download ，所以要修改urls #修改 stu/urls.py,新增加 url url(r'^download/$',views.download_view) #修改 stu/views.py def download_view(request): # 获取请求参数（图片存储位置） imgs/5566.jpg-600 photo = request.GET.get('photo','') print photo # 获取图片文件名5566.jpg-600 ; rindex 为字符 '/' 在 photo 中最后出现的位置索引；例如 # txt = "imgs/5566.jpg-600" # x = txt.rindex("/") # print txt[x + 1:]  输出结果为 5566.jpg-600 filename = photo[photo.rindex('/')+1:] print filename #开启一个流 import os path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',photo.replace('/','\\')) print path with open(path,'rb') as fr: response = HttpResponse(fr.read()) response['Content-Type']='image/png' response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename=' + filename return response #访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ ，点击下载