Django如何继承AbstractUser扩展字段

这篇文章主要介绍了Django如何继承AbstractUser扩展字段,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

使用django实现注册登录的话，注册登录都有现成的代码，主要是自带的User字段只有（email,username,password）,所以需要扩展User,来增加自己需要的字段

AbstractUser扩展模型User：如果模型User内置的方法符合开发需求，在不改变这些函数方法的情况下，添加模型User的额外字段，可通过AbstractUser方式实现。使用AbstractUser定义的模型会替换原有模型User。

代码如下：

model.py

 #coding:utf8 from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser from django.utils.encoding import python_2_unicode_compatible # Create your models here. @python_2_unicode_compatible """是django内置的兼容python2和python3的unicode语法的一个装饰器 只是针对 __str__ 方法而用的，__str__方法是为了后台管理(admin)和django shell的显示，Meta类也是为后台显示服务的 """ class MyUser(AbstractUser): qq = models.CharField(u'qq号', max_length=16) weChat =models.CharField(u'微信账号', max_length=100) mobile =models.CharField(u'手机号', primary_key=True, max_length=11) identicard =models.BooleanField(u'×××认证', default=False)               #默认是0，未认证， 1：×××认证， 2：视频认证 refuserid = models.CharField(u'推荐人ID', max_length=20) Level = models.CharField(u'用户等级', default='0', max_length=2)            #默认是0，用户等级0-9 vevideo = models.BooleanField(u'视频认证', default=False)           #默认是0，未认证。 1：已认证 Type =models.CharField(u'用户类型', default='0', max_length=1)             #默认是0，未认证， 1：刷手 2：商家 def __str__(self): return self.username

settings.py

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'appname.MyUser'
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ('django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',)

注意：

1、扩展user表后，要在settings.py 添加

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'appname.扩展user的class name'

2、认证后台要在settings添加，尤其记得加逗号，否则报错

认证后台不加的报错

Django-AttributeError 'User' object has no attribute 'backend'

没加逗号的报错

ImportError: a doesn't look like a module path

form.py

 #coding:utf-8 from django import forms #注册表单 class RegisterForm(forms.Form): username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',max_length=100) password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput()) password2 = forms.CharField(label='确认密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput()) mobile = forms.CharField(label='手机号', max_length=11) email = forms.EmailField() qq = forms.CharField(label='QQ号', max_length=16) type = forms.ChoiceField(label='注册类型', choices=(('buyer','买家'),('saler','商家'))) def clean(self): if not self.is_valid(): raise forms.ValidationError('所有项都为必填项') elif self.cleaned_data['password2'] != self.cleaned_data['password']: raise forms.ValidationError('两次输入密码不一致') else: cleaned_data = super(RegisterForm, self).clean() return cleaned_data #登陆表单 class LoginForm(forms.Form): username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"placeholder": "用户名", "required": "required",}), max_length=50, error_messages={"required": "username不能为空",}) password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={"placeholder": "密码", "required": "required",}), max_length=20, error_messages={"required": "password不能为空",})

迁移数据库

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

views.py

 from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response from .models import MyUser from django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirect from django.template import RequestContext import time from .myclass import form from django.template import RequestContext from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout #注册 def register(request): error = [] # if request.method == 'GET': #   return render_to_response('register.html',{'uf':uf}) if request.method == 'POST': uf = form.RegisterForm(request.POST) if uf.is_valid(): username = uf.cleaned_data['username'] password = uf.cleaned_data['password'] password2 = uf.cleaned_data['password2'] qq = uf.cleaned_data['qq'] email = uf.cleaned_data['email'] mobile = uf.cleaned_data['mobile'] type = uf.cleaned_data['type'] if not MyUser.objects.all().filter(username=username): user = MyUser() user.username = username user.set_password(password) user.qq = qq user.email = email user.mobile = mobile user.type = type user.save() return render_to_response('member.html', {'username': username}) else: uf = form.RegisterForm() return render_to_response('register.html',{'uf':uf,'error':error}) #登陆 def do_login(request): if request.method =='POST': lf = form.LoginForm(request.POST) if lf.is_valid(): username = lf.cleaned_data['username'] password = lf.cleaned_data['password'] user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)        #django自带auth验证用户名密码 if user is not None:                         #判断用户是否存在 if user.is_active:                         #判断用户是否激活 login(request,user)                         #用户信息验证成功后把登陆信息写入session return render_to_response("member.html", {'username':username}) else: return render_to_response('disable.html',{'username':username}) else: return HttpResponse("无效的用户名或者密码!!!") else: lf = form.LoginForm() return render_to_response('index.html',{'lf':lf}) #退出 def do_logout(request): logout(request) return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

注意：

1、登陆的时候用自带的认证模块总是报none

user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
print(user)

查看源码发现是check_password的方法是用hash进行校验，之前注册的password写法是

user.password=password

这种写法是明文入库，需要更改密码的入库写法

user.set_password(password)

补充

一个快速拿到User表的方法，特别在扩展User表时，你在settings.py配置的User。