Python基础之tkinter图形化界面学习

 import tkinter as tk from PIL import Image,ImageTk def my(): pwin.destroy() win.deiconify() win = tk.Tk() #win.geometry('320x240+100+50') #长320宽240 右100，下50 win['width']=320   #可以用win.keys()查看哪些可以这样写 win['height']=240 win.title('tkinter图形化专题学习') #win.iconbitmap('my.ico') img=ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=Image.open('1.gif','r')) win.iconphoto(False,img) #win.withdraw()#临时退出 #win.deiconify()#恢复 #win.iconify()#最小化 #win.destroy()#关掉 #help(win.state) """ win.state('iconic') win.state('normal') win.state('zommed') win.state('zoomed') win.state('withdraw') """ #win.attributes('-alpha',0.5) #设置透明度 #win.attributes('-toolwindow',1)#没有最大化最小化按钮 #win.attributes('-toolwindow',0)#常规窗口 #win.attributes('-topmost',1) #置顶 win.withdraw()  #隐藏原窗口 pwin=tk.Toplevel(win)  #新建弹窗 pwin.title('弹窗') pwin.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',my) win.mainloop() 

 #计时器 import tkinter as tk import time def my(): global x if x >1: return win.title('计时器：{:.2f}'.format(x)) win.attributes('-alpha', x) x += 0.01 win.after(200,my) #100ms win = tk.Tk() win.title("计时器") win['bg']= 'lightblue'  #用win.keys()查看 win.geometry('300x300') win.resizable(0,0) #不可变窗口大小 x = 0.01 win.attributes('-alpha', x) win.after(200,my) win.mainloop() 

 import tkinter as tk win=tk.Tk() win.title("布局") win.geometry('320x240') #win.resizable(0,0) #定义 lbl=tk.Label(win,text="请输入") txt=tk.Entry(win) btn=tk.Button(win,text="确定") #布局 方法一pack打包式放置 方法二grid表格式放置 方法三place任意放置 """ lbl.pack(side='left' ,padx=(10,0)) txt.pack(side='left')   #txt.pack_info()查看pack的参数 btn.pack(side='left', padx='10') """ """ lbl.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=(50,10),pady=10) #lbl.grid_info()查看grid的参数 txt.grid(row=0,column=1) btn.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=2,padx=(50,0),pady=10, sticky='we') """ lbl.place(relx=0.1,rely=0.2) txt.place(relx=0.3,rely=0.15) btn.place(relx=0.5,rely=0.25) #win.mainloop() 

 import tkinter as tk #建窗口 win=tk.Tk() win.title('布局') #建组件 frm=tk.Frame(win) #框架 #定义 lbl=tk.Label(frm,text='请输入') txt=tk.Entry(frm) btn=tk.Button(win,text='确定') #布局 lbl.pack(side='left', padx=10, pady=10) txt.pack(side='left', padx=10, pady=10) frm.pack() btn.pack(fill='x') win.mainloop() 

 import tkinter as tk def myfun(e): #def myfun(): try: a=int(entry1.get()) b=int(entry2.get()) lbx.delete(0,'end') for i in range(a,b+1): f=i*9/5+32 lbx.insert('end','    {}           {}'.format(i,f)) except: pass win=tk.Tk() win.title('温度转换') win.resizable(0,0) #大小不可更改 label1 = tk.Label(win, text='请输入第1个整数') label2 = tk.Label(win, text='请输入第2个整数') label3 = tk.Label(win, text='摄氏温度   华氏温度') entry1 = tk.Entry(win) entry2 = tk.Entry(win) entry1.insert(0, '10') entry2.insert(0, '15') #btn=tk.Button(win, text='确定',command=myfun) btn=tk.Label(win, text='确定',#把label变成按钮 relief='groove')  #浮雕 btn.bind('', myfun) #用bing绑定 必须给函数参数 lbx=tk.Listbox(win) #滚动条 scr=tk.Scrollbar(win) scr['command']=lbx.yview lbx['yscrollcommand']=scr.set label1.grid(row=1, column=0) label2.grid(row=2, column=0) label3.grid(row=0, column=2) entry1.grid(row=1, column=1) entry2.grid(row=2, column=1) btn.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky="ew") lbx.grid(row=1, column=2, rowspan=3, padx=10, pady=10) scr.grid(row=1, column=3, rowspan=3, sticky='ns') #btn.key()找到可以设置的参数 或者btn.config() win.mainloop() 

 import tkinter as tk import random def myfun(): lst=list(range(100)) name=random.choice(lst) lbl['text']=name win.after(500,myfun) win=tk.Tk() win.title('抽奖程序') lbl=tk.Label(win,text='***', width=6,font='-size 48') btn=tk.Button(win,text='开始', font='-size 36', command=myfun) lbl.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=10,pady=10) btn.grid(row=0,column=1,padx=10,pady=10) #win.mainloop() 

 import tkinter as tk win=tk.Tk() win.title('五子棋') win.geometry('800x600+64+32') win.resizable(0,0) #建画布 cav=tk.Canvas(win, width=600,height=600, bg='yellow') rfm=tk.Frame(win,width=200,height=600, bg='lightyellow') cav.pack(side='left') rfm.pack(side='right') #画线 for i in range(1,20): x1, y1, x2, y2=30, i*30,19*30,i*30 cav.create_line(x1,y1,x2,y2) cav.create_line(y1,x1,y2,x2)