Django rest framework工具包简单用法示例

 INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app.apps.AppConfig', 'rest_framework', #注册 ] 

 from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^auth/', views.AuthView.as_view()), #验证 url(r'^index/', views.IndexView.as_view()), #首页 url(r'^order/', views.OrderView.as_view()), #定单 ] 

 from rest_framework.views import APIView from rest_framework.request import Request from django.http import JsonResponse,HttpResponse from app.utils.commons import gen_token from app.utils.auth import LuffyAuthentication from app.utils.throttle import LuffyAnonRateThrottle,LuffyUserRateThrottle from app.utils.permission import LuffyPermission from . import models class AuthView(APIView): """ 认证相关视图 由于继承了APIView,所以csrf就没有了，具体的源代码只是有一个装饰器， 加上了csrf_exempt装饰器，屏蔽了csrf 写法是在return的时候csrf_exempt(view) 和@使用装饰器效果是一样的，这种写法还可以写在url路由中。 """ def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs): """ 用户登录功能 :param request: :param args: :param kwargs: :return: """ ret = {'code': 1000, 'msg': None} # 默认要返回的信息 user = request.data.get('username') # 这里的request已经不是原来的request了 pwd = request.data.get('password') user_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(user=user, pwd=pwd).first() if user_obj: tk = gen_token(user) #返回一个哈希过得字符串 #进行token验证 models.Token.objects.update_or_create(user=user_obj, defaults={'token': tk}) # 数据库存入一个token信息 ret['code'] = 1001 ret['token'] = tk else: ret['msg'] = "用户名或密码错误" return JsonResponse(ret) 

 def gen_token(username): import time import hashlib ctime = str(time.time()) hash = hashlib.md5(username.encode('utf-8')) hash.update(ctime.encode('utf-8')) return hash.hexdigest() 

 class IndexView(APIView): """ 用户认证 http://127.0.0.1:8001/v1/index/?tk=sdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdf 获取用户传入的Token 首页限制：request.user 匿名：5/m 用户：10/m """ authentication_classes = [LuffyAuthentication,] #认证成功返回一个用户名，一个对象，不成功就是None throttle_classes = [LuffyAnonRateThrottle,LuffyUserRateThrottle] #访问次数限制，如果合格都为True def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): return HttpResponse('首页') 

 from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication from rest_framework import exceptions from app import models class LuffyAuthentication(BaseAuthentication): def authenticate(self, request): tk = request.query_params.get('tk') if not tk: return (None,None) # raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed('认证失败') token_obj = models.Token.objects.filter(token=tk).first() if not token_obj: return (None,None) return (token_obj.user,token_obj) 

 from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle,SimpleRateThrottle class LuffyAnonRateThrottle(SimpleRateThrottle): scope = "luffy_anon" def allow_request(self, request, view): """ Return `True` if the request should be allowed, `False` otherwise. """ if request.user: return True # 获取当前访问用户的唯一标识 self.key = self.get_cache_key(request, view) # 根据当前用户的唯一标识，获取所有访问记录 # [1511312683.7824545, 1511312682.7824545, 1511312681.7824545] self.history = self.cache.get(self.key, []) # 获取当前时间 self.now = self.timer() # Drop any requests from the history which have now passed the # throttle duration while self.history and self.history[-1] <= self.now - self.duration: self.history.pop() if len(self.history) >= self.num_requests:  #判断访问次数是否大于限制次数 return self.throttle_failure() return self.throttle_success() #返回True def get_cache_key(self, request, view): return 'throttle_%(scope)s_%(ident)s' % { 'scope': self.scope, 'ident': self.get_ident(request), # 判断是否为代理等等 } class LuffyUserRateThrottle(SimpleRateThrottle): scope = "luffy_user" def allow_request(self, request, view): """ Return `True` if the request should be allowed, `False` otherwise. """ if not request.user:  #判断登录直接返回True return True # 获取当前访问用户的唯一标识 # 用户对所有页面 # self.key = request.user.user self.key = request.user.user + view.__class__.__name__ # 用户对单页面的访问限制 # 根据当前用户的唯一标识，获取所有访问记录 # [1511312683.7824545, 1511312682.7824545, 1511312681.7824545] self.history = self.cache.get(self.key, []) # 获取当前时间 self.now = self.timer() # Drop any requests from the history which have now passed the # throttle duration while self.history and self.history[-1] <= self.now - self.duration: self.history.pop() if len(self.history) >= self.num_requests:  #访问次数的限制 return self.throttle_failure() return self.throttle_success()  #返回True 

 from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission class LuffyPermission(BasePermission): def has_permission(self, request, view): """ Return `True` if permission is granted, `False` otherwise. """ if request.user: return True return False 

 class OrderView(APIView): """ 订单页面：只有登录成功后才能访问 - 认证(匿名和用户) - 权限(用户) - 限制（） """ authentication_classes = [LuffyAuthentication, ] permission_classes = [LuffyPermission,] #登录就返回True throttle_classes = [LuffyAnonRateThrottle, LuffyUserRateThrottle] def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): return HttpResponse('订单') 

 REST_FRAMEWORK = { 'UNAUTHENTICATED_USER': None, 'UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN': None, "DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES": { 'luffy_anon': '3/m', #匿名用户一分钟访问3次 'luffy_user': '6/m'　　#登录用户一分钟访问6次 }, }