JavaWeb文件上传下载功能示例解析

这篇文章主要介绍了JavaWeb中的文件上传和下载功能的实现,文件上传和下载功能是非常常用的功能,需要的朋友可以参考下

在Web应用系统开发中,文件上传和下载功能是非常常用的功能,今天来讲一下JavaWeb中的文件上传和下载功能的实现。

1. 上传简单示例

Jsp

 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  文件上传下载 
上传用户:
上传文件1:
上传文件2:

${requestScope.message}

Servlet

 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { try{ //1.得到解析器工厂 DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); //2.得到解析器 ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); //3.判断上传表单的类型 if(!upload.isMultipartContent(request)){ //上传表单为普通表单,则按照传统方式获取数据即可 return; } //为上传表单,则调用解析器解析上传数据 List list = upload.parseRequest(request); //FileItem //遍历list,得到用于封装第一个上传输入项数据fileItem对象 for(FileItem item : list){ if(item.isFormField()){ //得到的是普通输入项 String name = item.getFieldName(); //得到输入项的名称 String value = item.getString(); System.out.println(name + "=" + value); }else{ //得到上传输入项 String filename = item.getName(); //得到上传文件名 C:\Documents and Settings\ThinkPad\桌面\1.txt filename = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("\\")+1); InputStream in = item.getInputStream(); //得到上传数据 int len = 0; byte buffer[]= new byte[1024]; //用于保存上传文件的目录应该禁止外界直接访问 String savepath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload"); System.out.println(savepath); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(savepath + "/" + filename); //向upload目录中写入文件 while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){ out.write(buffer, 0, len); } in.close(); out.close(); request.setAttribute("message", "上传成功"); } } }catch (Exception e) { request.setAttribute("message", "上传失败"); e.printStackTrace(); } } 

2. 修改后的上传功能:

注意事项:

1、上传文件名的中文乱码和上传数据的中文乱码
 upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");  //解决上传文件名的中文乱码
 //表单为文件上传,设置request编码无效,只能手工转换
 1.1 value = new String(value.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8");
 1.2 String value = item.getString("UTF-8"); 

2.为保证服务器安全,上传文件应该放在外界无法直接访问的目录

3、为防止文件覆盖的现象发生,要为上传文件产生一个唯一的文件名

4、为防止一个目录下面出现太多文件,要使用hash算法打散存储

5.要限制上传文件的最大值,可以通过:ServletFileUpload.setFileSizeMax(1024)方法实现,并通过捕获:
 FileUploadBase.FileSizeLimitExceededException异常以给用户友好提示

6.想确保临时文件被删除,一定要在处理完上传文件后,调用item.delete方法

7.要限止上传文件的类型:在收到上传文件名时,判断后缀名是否合法

8、监听文件上传进度:

 ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener(){ public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int arg2) { System.out.println("文件大小为:" + pContentLength + ",当前已处理:" + pBytesRead); } }); 

9. 在web页面中动态添加文件上传输入项

 function addinput(){ var div = document.getElementById("file"); var input = document.createElement("input"); input.type="file"; input.name="filename"; var del = document.createElement("input"); del.type="button"; del.value="删除"; del.onclick = function d(){ this.parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(this.parentNode); } var innerdiv = document.createElement("div"); innerdiv.appendChild(input); innerdiv.appendChild(del); div.appendChild(innerdiv); } 

上传jsp:

 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  My JSP 'upload2.jsp' starting page 
上传用户:
上传文件:

上传servlet

 public class UploadServlet1 extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //request.getParameter("username"); //****错误 request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //表单为文件上传,设置request编码无效 //得到上传文件的保存目录 String savePath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload"); try{ DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); factory.setRepository(new File(this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/temp"))); ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); /*upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener(){ public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int arg2) { System.out.println("文件大小为:" + pContentLength + ",当前已处理:" + pBytesRead); } });*/ upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8"); //解决上传文件名的中文乱码 if(!upload.isMultipartContent(request)){ //按照传统方式获取数据 return; } /*upload.setFileSizeMax(1024); upload.setSizeMax(1024*10);*/ List list = upload.parseRequest(request); for(FileItem item : list){ if(item.isFormField()){ //fileitem中封装的是普通输入项的数据 String name = item.getFieldName(); String value = item.getString("UTF-8"); //value = new String(value.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8"); System.out.println(name + "=" + value); }else{ //fileitem中封装的是上传文件 String filename = item.getName(); //不同的浏览器提交的文件是不一样 c:\a\b\1.txt 1.txt System.out.println(filename); if(filename==null || filename.trim().equals("")){ continue; } filename = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("\\")+1); InputStream in = item.getInputStream(); String saveFilename = makeFileName(filename); //得到文件保存的名称 String realSavePath = makePath(saveFilename, savePath); //得到文件的保存目录 FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(realSavePath + "\\" + saveFilename); byte buffer[] = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){ out.write(buffer, 0, len); } in.close(); out.close(); item.delete(); //删除临时文件 } } }catch (FileUploadBase.FileSizeLimitExceededException e) { e.printStackTrace(); request.setAttribute("message", "文件超出最大值!!!"); request.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(request, response); return; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public String makeFileName(String filename){ //2.jpg-600 return UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + filename; } public String makePath(String filename,String savePath){ int hashcode = filename.hashCode(); int dir1 = hashcode&0xf; //0--15 int dir2 = (hashcode&0xf0)>>4; //0-15 String dir = savePath + "\\" + dir1 + "\\" + dir2; //upload\2\3 upload\3\5 File file = new File(dir); if(!file.exists()){ file.mkdirs(); } return dir; } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } } 

3. 下载功能

 //列出网站所有下载文件 public class ListFileServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String filepath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload"); Map map = new HashMap(); listfile(new File(filepath),map); request.setAttribute("map", map); request.getRequestDispatcher("/listfile.jsp").forward(request, response); } public void listfile(File file,Map map){ if(!file.isFile()){ File files[] = file.listFiles(); for(File f : files){ listfile(f,map); } }else{ String realname = file.getName().substring(file.getName().indexOf("_")+1); //9349249849-88343-8344_阿_凡_达.avi map.put(file.getName(), realname); } } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } } 

jsp显示

 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>  My JSP 'listfile.jsp' starting page    ${me.value } 下载

下载处理servlet

 public class DownLoadServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String filename = request.getParameter("filename"); //23239283-92489-阿凡达.avi filename = new String(filename.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8"); String path = makePath(filename,this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload")); File file = new File(path + "\\" + filename); if(!file.exists()){ request.setAttribute("message", "您要下载的资源已被删除!!"); request.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(request, response); return; } String realname = filename.substring(filename.indexOf("_")+1); response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(realname, "UTF-8")); FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path + "\\" + filename); OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream(); byte buffer[] = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){ out.write(buffer, 0, len); } in.close(); out.close(); } public String makePath(String filename,String savePath){ int hashcode = filename.hashCode(); int dir1 = hashcode&0xf; //0--15 int dir2 = (hashcode&0xf0)>>4; //0-15 String dir = savePath + "\\" + dir1 + "\\" + dir2; //upload\2\3 upload\3\5 File file = new File(dir); if(!file.exists()){ file.mkdirs(); } return dir; } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } } 

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持html中文网。

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