在开发的过程中会遇到各种各样的开发问题，服务器宕机、网络抖动、代码本身的bug等等。针对代码的bug，我们可以提前预支，通过发送告警信息来警示我们去干预，尽早处理。本文将利用AOP实现系统告警，需要的可以参考一下
一、业务背景
在开发的过程中会遇到各种各样的开发问题，服务器宕机、网络抖动、代码本身的bug等等。针对代码的bug，我们可以提前预支，通过发送告警信息来警示我们去干预，尽早处理。
二、告警的方式
1、钉钉告警
通过在企业钉钉群，添加群机器人的方式，通过机器人向群内发送报警信息。至于钉钉机器人怎么创建，发送消息的api等等，请参考官方文档
2、企业微信告警
同样的套路，企业微信也是，在企业微信群中，添加群机器人。通过机器人发送告警信息。具体请看官方文档
3、邮件告警
与上述不同的是，邮件是发送给个人的，当然也可以是批量发送，只实现了发送文本格式的方式，至于markdown格式，有待考察。邮件发送相对比较简单，这里就不展开赘述。
三、源码解析
1、Alarm自定义注解
@Target({ElementType.METHOD}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited public @interface Alarm { /** * 报警标题 * * @return String */ String title() default ""; /** * 发送报警格式：目前支持text，markdown * @return */ MessageTye messageType() default MessageTye.TEXT; /** * 告警模板id * @return */ String templateId() default ""; /** * 成功是否通知：true-通知，false-不通知 * @return */ boolean successNotice() default false; } 1.1、注解使用
@Alarm标记在方法上使用，被标记的方法发生异常，会根据配置，读取配置信息，发送异常堆栈信息。使用方法如下所示：
@Alarm(title = "某某业务告警", messageType = MessageTye.MARKDOWN, templateId = "errorTemp")
1.2、注解字段解析
title
告警消息标题：可以定义为业务信息，如导师身份计算
messageType
告警消息展示类型：目前支持text文本类型，markdown类型
templateId
消息模板id：与配置文件中配置的模板id一致
successNotice
正常情况是否也需要发送告警信息，默认值是fasle，表示不需要发送。当然，有些业务场景正常情况也需要发送，比如：支付出单通知等。
2、配置文件分析
2.1、钉钉配置文件
spring: alarm: dingtalk: # 开启钉钉发送告警 enabled: true # 钉钉群机器人唯一的token token: xxxxxx # 安全设置：加签的密钥 secret: xxxxxxx
2.2、企业微信配置文件
spring: alarm: wechat: # 开启企业微信告警 enabled: true # 企业微信群机器人唯一key key: xxxxxdsf # 被@人的手机号 to-user: 1314243
2.3、邮件配置文件
spring: alarm: mail: enabled: true smtpHost: xxx@qq.com smtpPort: 22 to: xxx@qq.com from: 132@qq.com username: wsrf password: xxx
2.4、自定义模板配置
spring: alarm: template: # 开启通过模板配置 enabled: true # 配置模板来源为文件 source: FILE # 配置模板数据 templates: errorTemp: templateId: errorTemp templateName: 服务异常模板 templateContent: 这里是配置模板的内容
spring:alarm:template:enabled，Boolean类型，表示开启告警消息使用模板发送。spring:alarm:template:source，模板来源，枚举类：JDBC（数据库）、FILE（配置文件）、MEMORY（内存），目前只支持FILE，其他两种可自行扩展。spring:alarm:template:templates，配置模板内容，是一个map，errorTemp是模板id，需要使用哪种模板，就在@Alarm中的templateId设置为对应配置文件中的templateId。
3、核心AOP分析
3.1、原理分析
3.2、自定义切面
@Aspect @Slf4j @RequiredArgsConstructor public class AlarmAspect { private final AlarmTemplateProvider alarmTemplateProvider; private final static String ERROR_TEMPLATE = "\n\n异常信息:\n" + "```java\n" + "#{[exception]}\n" + "```\n"; private final static String TEXT_ERROR_TEMPLATE = "\n异常信息:\n" + "#{[exception]}"; private final static String MARKDOWN_TITLE_TEMPLATE = "# 【#{[title]}】\n" + "\n请求状态：#{[state]}\n\n"; private final static String TEXT_TITLE_TEMPLATE = "【#{[title]}】\n" + "请求状态：#{[state]}\n"; @Pointcut("@annotation(alarm)") public void alarmPointcut(Alarm alarm) { } @Around(value = "alarmPointcut(alarm)", argNames = "joinPoint,alarm") public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint, Alarm alarm) throws Throwable { Object result = joinPoint.proceed(); if (alarm.successNotice()) { String templateId = alarm.templateId(); String fileTemplateContent = ""; if (Objects.nonNull(alarmTemplateProvider)) { AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = alarmTemplateProvider.loadingAlarmTemplate(templateId); fileTemplateContent = alarmTemplate.getTemplateContent(); } String templateContent = ""; MessageTye messageTye = alarm.messageType(); if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.TEXT)) { templateContent = TEXT_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent); } else if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.MARKDOWN)) { templateContent = MARKDOWN_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent); } Map alarmParamMap = new HashMap<>(); alarmParamMap.put("title", alarm.title()); alarmParamMap.put("stateColor", "#45B649"); alarmParamMap.put("state", "成功"); sendAlarm(alarm, templateContent, alarmParamMap); } return result; } @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "alarmPointcut(alarm)", argNames = "joinPoint,alarm,e", throwing = "e") public void doAfterThrow(JoinPoint joinPoint, Alarm alarm, Exception e) { log.info("请求接口发生异常 : [{}]", e.getMessage()); String templateId = alarm.templateId(); // 加载模板中配置的内容，若有 String templateContent = ""; String fileTemplateContent = ""; if (Objects.nonNull(alarmTemplateProvider)) { AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = alarmTemplateProvider.loadingAlarmTemplate(templateId); fileTemplateContent = alarmTemplate.getTemplateContent(); } MessageTye messageTye = alarm.messageType(); if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.TEXT)) { templateContent = TEXT_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent).concat(TEXT_ERROR_TEMPLATE); } else if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.MARKDOWN)) { templateContent = MARKDOWN_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent).concat(ERROR_TEMPLATE); } Map alarmParamMap = new HashMap<>(); alarmParamMap.put("title", alarm.title()); alarmParamMap.put("stateColor", "#FF4B2B"); alarmParamMap.put("state", "失败"); alarmParamMap.put("exception", ExceptionUtil.stacktraceToString(e)); sendAlarm(alarm, templateContent, alarmParamMap); } private void sendAlarm(Alarm alarm, String templateContent, Map alarmParamMap) { ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser(); TemplateParserContext parserContext = new TemplateParserContext(); String message = parser.parseExpression(templateContent, parserContext).getValue(alarmParamMap, String.class); MessageTye messageTye = alarm.messageType(); NotifyMessage notifyMessage = new NotifyMessage(); notifyMessage.setTitle(alarm.title()); notifyMessage.setMessageTye(messageTye); notifyMessage.setMessage(message); AlarmFactoryExecute.execute(notifyMessage); } } 4、模板提供器
4.1、AlarmTemplateProvider
定义一个抽象接口AlarmTemplateProvider，用于被具体的子类实现
public interface AlarmTemplateProvider { /** * 加载告警模板 * * @param templateId 模板id * @return AlarmTemplate */ AlarmTemplate loadingAlarmTemplate(String templateId); } 4.2、BaseAlarmTemplateProvider
抽象类BaseAlarmTemplateProvider实现该抽象接口
public abstract class BaseAlarmTemplateProvider implements AlarmTemplateProvider { @Override public AlarmTemplate loadingAlarmTemplate(String templateId) { if (StringUtils.isEmpty(templateId)) { throw new AlarmException(400, "告警模板配置id不能为空"); } return getAlarmTemplate(templateId); } /** * 查询告警模板 * * @param templateId 模板id * @return AlarmTemplate */ abstract AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId); } 4.3、YamlAlarmTemplateProvider
具体实现类YamlAlarmTemplateProvider，实现从配置文件中读取模板，该类在项目启动时，会被加载进spring的bean容器
@RequiredArgsConstructor public class YamlAlarmTemplateProvider extends BaseAlarmTemplateProvider { private final TemplateConfig templateConfig; @Override AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId) { Map configTemplates = templateConfig.getTemplates(); AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = configTemplates.get(templateId); if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(alarmTemplate)) { throw new AlarmException(400, "未发现告警配置模板"); } return alarmTemplate; } } 4.4、MemoryAlarmTemplateProvider和JdbcAlarmTemplateProvider
抽象类BaseAlarmTemplateProvider还有其他两个子类，分别是MemoryAlarmTemplateProvider和JdbcAlarmTemplateProvider。但是这两个子类暂时还未实现逻辑，后续可以自行扩展。
@RequiredArgsConstructor public class MemoryAlarmTemplateProvider extends BaseAlarmTemplateProvider { private final Function function; @Override AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId) { AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = function.apply(templateId); if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(alarmTemplate)) { throw new AlarmException(400, "未发现告警配置模板"); } return alarmTemplate; } } @RequiredArgsConstructor public class JdbcAlarmTemplateProvider extends BaseAlarmTemplateProvider { private final Function function; @Override AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId) { AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = function.apply(templateId); if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(alarmTemplate)) { throw new AlarmException(400, "未发现告警配置模板"); } return alarmTemplate; } } 两个类中都有Function
5、告警发送
5.1、AlarmFactoryExecute
该类内部保存了一个容器，主要用于缓存真正的发送类
public class AlarmFactoryExecute { private static List serviceList = new ArrayList<>(); public AlarmFactoryExecute(List alarmLogWarnServices) { serviceList = alarmLogWarnServices; } public static void addAlarmLogWarnService(AlarmWarnService alarmLogWarnService) { serviceList.add(alarmLogWarnService); } public static List getServiceList() { return serviceList; } public static void execute(NotifyMessage notifyMessage) { for (AlarmWarnService alarmWarnService : getServiceList()) { alarmWarnService.send(notifyMessage); } } } 5.2、AlarmWarnService
抽象接口，只提供一个发送的方法
public interface AlarmWarnService { /** * 发送信息 * * @param notifyMessage message */ void send(NotifyMessage notifyMessage); } 5.3、BaseWarnService
与抽象的模板提供器AlarmTemplateProvider一样的套路，该接口有一个抽象的实现类BaseWarnService,该类对外暴露send方法，用于发送消息，内部用doSendMarkdown，doSendText方法实现具体的发送逻辑，当然具体发送逻辑还是得由其子类去实现。
@Slf4j public abstract class BaseWarnService implements AlarmWarnService { @Override public void send(NotifyMessage notifyMessage) { if (notifyMessage.getMessageTye().equals(MessageTye.TEXT)) { CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> { try { doSendText(notifyMessage.getMessage()); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("send text warn message error", e); } }); } else if (notifyMessage.getMessageTye().equals(MessageTye.MARKDOWN)) { CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> { try { doSendMarkdown(notifyMessage.getTitle(), notifyMessage.getMessage()); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("send markdown warn message error", e); } }); } } /** * 发送Markdown消息 * * @param title Markdown标题 * @param message Markdown消息 * @throws Exception 异常 */ protected abstract void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) throws Exception; /** * 发送文本消息 * * @param message 文本消息 * @throws Exception 异常 */ protected abstract void doSendText(String message) throws Exception; } 5.4、DingTalkWarnService
主要实现了钉钉发送告警信息的逻辑
@Slf4j public class DingTalkWarnService extends BaseWarnService { private static final String ROBOT_SEND_URL = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token="; private final String token; private final String secret; public DingTalkWarnService(String token, String secret) { this.token = token; this.secret = secret; } public void sendRobotMessage(DingTalkSendRequest dingTalkSendRequest) throws Exception { String json = JSONUtil.toJsonStr(dingTalkSendRequest); String sign = getSign(); String body = HttpRequest.post(sign).contentType(ContentType.JSON.getValue()).body(json).execute().body(); log.info("钉钉机器人通知结果：{}", body); } /** * 获取签名 * * @return 返回签名 */ private String getSign() throws Exception { long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret; Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256"); mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "HmacSHA256")); byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); return ROBOT_SEND_URL + token + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&sign=" + URLEncoder.encode(new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(signData)), StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString()); } @Override protected void doSendText(String message) throws Exception { DingTalkSendRequest param = new DingTalkSendRequest(); param.setMsgtype(DingTalkSendMsgTypeEnum.TEXT.getType()); param.setText(new DingTalkSendRequest.Text(message)); sendRobotMessage(param); } @Override protected void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) throws Exception { DingTalkSendRequest param = new DingTalkSendRequest(); param.setMsgtype(DingTalkSendMsgTypeEnum.MARKDOWN.getType()); DingTalkSendRequest.Markdown markdown = new DingTalkSendRequest.Markdown(title, message); param.setMarkdown(markdown); sendRobotMessage(param); } } 5.5、WorkWeXinWarnService
主要实现了发送企业微信告警信息的逻辑
@Slf4j public class WorkWeXinWarnService extends BaseWarnService { private static final String SEND_MESSAGE_URL = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/webhook/send?key=%s"; private final String key; private final String toUser; public WorkWeXinWarnService(String key, String toUser) { this.key = key; this.toUser = toUser; } private String createPostData(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum messageTye, String contentValue) { WorkWeXinSendRequest wcd = new WorkWeXinSendRequest(); wcd.setMsgtype(messageTye.getType()); List toUsers = Arrays.asList("@all"); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(toUser)) { String[] split = toUser.split("\\|"); toUsers = Arrays.asList(split); } if (messageTye.equals(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.TEXT)) { WorkWeXinSendRequest.Text text = new WorkWeXinSendRequest.Text(contentValue, toUsers); wcd.setText(text); } else if (messageTye.equals(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.MARKDOWN)) { WorkWeXinSendRequest.Markdown markdown = new WorkWeXinSendRequest.Markdown(contentValue, toUsers); wcd.setMarkdown(markdown); } return JSONUtil.toJsonStr(wcd); } @Override protected void doSendText(String message) { String data = createPostData(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.TEXT, message); String url = String.format(SEND_MESSAGE_URL, key); String resp = HttpRequest.post(url).body(data).execute().body(); log.info("send work weixin message call [{}], param:{}, resp:{}", url, data, resp); } @Override protected void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) { String data = createPostData(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.MARKDOWN, message); String url = String.format(SEND_MESSAGE_URL, key); String resp = HttpRequest.post(url).body(data).execute().body(); log.info("send work weixin message call [{}], param:{}, resp:{}", url, data, resp); } } 5.6、MailWarnService
主要实现邮件告警逻辑
@Slf4j public class MailWarnService extends BaseWarnService { private final String smtpHost; private final String smtpPort; private final String to; private final String from; private final String username; private final String password; private Boolean ssl = true; private Boolean debug = false; public MailWarnService(String smtpHost, String smtpPort, String to, String from, String username, String password) { this.smtpHost = smtpHost; this.smtpPort = smtpPort; this.to = to; this.from = from; this.username = username; this.password = password; } public void setSsl(Boolean ssl) { this.ssl = ssl; } public void setDebug(Boolean debug) { this.debug = debug; } @Override protected void doSendText(String message) throws Exception { Properties props = new Properties(); props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", smtpHost); props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", smtpPort); props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", true); Session session = Session.getInstance(props); session.setDebug(false); MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session); msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); for (String toUser : to.split(",")) { msg.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toUser)); } Map map = JSONUtil.toBean(message, Map.class); msg.setSubject(map.get("subject"), "UTF-8"); msg.setContent(map.get("content"), "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); msg.setSentDate(new Date()); Transport transport = session.getTransport(); transport.connect(username, password); transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients()); transport.close(); } @Override protected void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) throws Exception { log.warn("暂不支持发送Markdown邮件"); } } 6、AlarmAutoConfiguration自动装配类
运用了springboot自定义的starter，再META-INF包下的配置文件spring.factories下，配置上该类
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ com.seven.buttemsg.autoconfigure.AlarmAutoConfiguration
自动装配类，用于装载自定义的bean
@Slf4j @Configuration public class AlarmAutoConfiguration { // 邮件相关配置装载 @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = MailConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true") @EnableConfigurationProperties(MailConfig.class) static class MailWarnServiceMethod { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(MailWarnService.class) public MailWarnService mailWarnService(final MailConfig mailConfig) { MailWarnService mailWarnService = new MailWarnService(mailConfig.getSmtpHost(), mailConfig.getSmtpPort(), mailConfig.getTo(), mailConfig.getFrom(), mailConfig.getUsername(), mailConfig.getPassword()); mailWarnService.setSsl(mailConfig.getSsl()); mailWarnService.setDebug(mailConfig.getDebug()); AlarmFactoryExecute.addAlarmLogWarnService(mailWarnService); return mailWarnService; } } // 企业微信相关配置装载 @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = WorkWeXinConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true") @EnableConfigurationProperties(WorkWeXinConfig.class) static class WorkWechatWarnServiceMethod { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(MailWarnService.class) public WorkWeXinWarnService workWechatWarnService(final WorkWeXinConfig workWeXinConfig) { return new WorkWeXinWarnService(workWeXinConfig.getKey(), workWeXinConfig.getToUser()); } @Autowired void setDataChangedListener(WorkWeXinWarnService workWeXinWarnService) { AlarmFactoryExecute.addAlarmLogWarnService(workWeXinWarnService); } } // 钉钉相关配置装载 @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = DingTalkConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true") @EnableConfigurationProperties(DingTalkConfig.class) static class DingTalkWarnServiceMethod { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(DingTalkWarnService.class) public DingTalkWarnService dingTalkWarnService(final DingTalkConfig dingtalkConfig) { DingTalkWarnService dingTalkWarnService = new DingTalkWarnService(dingtalkConfig.getToken(), dingtalkConfig.getSecret()); AlarmFactoryExecute.addAlarmLogWarnService(dingTalkWarnService); return dingTalkWarnService; } } // 消息模板配置装载 @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = TemplateConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true") @EnableConfigurationProperties(TemplateConfig.class) static class TemplateConfigServiceMethod { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public AlarmTemplateProvider alarmTemplateProvider(TemplateConfig templateConfig) { if (TemplateSource.FILE == templateConfig.getSource()) { return new YamlAlarmTemplateProvider(templateConfig); } else if (TemplateSource.JDBC == templateConfig.getSource()) { // 数据库（如mysql）读取文件，未实现，可自行扩展 return new JdbcAlarmTemplateProvider(templateId -> null); } else if (TemplateSource.MEMORY == templateConfig.getSource()) { // 内存（如redis，本地内存）读取文件，未实现，可自行扩展 return new MemoryAlarmTemplateProvider(templateId -> null); } return new YamlAlarmTemplateProvider(templateConfig); } } @Bean public AlarmAspect alarmAspect(@Autowired(required = false) AlarmTemplateProvider alarmTemplateProvider) { return new AlarmAspect(alarmTemplateProvider); } } 四、总结
主要借助spring的切面技术，以及springboot的自动装配原理，实现了发送告警逻辑。对业务代码无侵入，只需要在业务代码上标记注解，就可实现可插拔的功能，比较轻量。
以上就是利用AOP实现系统告警的方法详解的详细内容，更多关于AOP系统告警的资料请关注0133技术站其它相关文章！
以上就是利用AOP实现系统告警的方法详解的详细内容，更多请关注0133技术站其它相关文章！
