这篇文章主要介绍了Spring-Security自定义登陆错误提示信息，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教
实现效果如图所示：
首先公布实现代码：
一. 自定义实现
import.org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService类
并且抛出BadCredentialsException异常，否则页面无法获取到错误信息。
@Slf4j @Service public class MyUserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService { @Autowired private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder; @Autowired private UserService userService; @Autowired private PermissionService permissionService; private String passwordParameter = "password"; @Override public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws AuthenticationException { HttpServletRequest request = ContextHolderUtils.getRequest(); String password = request.getParameter(passwordParameter); log.error("password = {}", password); SysUser sysUser = userService.getByUsername(username); if (null == sysUser) { log.error("用户{}不存在", username); throw new BadCredentialsException("帐号不存在，请重新输入"); } // 自定义业务逻辑校验 if ("userli".equals(sysUser.getUsername())) { throw new BadCredentialsException("您的帐号有违规记录,无法登录!"); } // 自定义密码验证 if (!password.equals(sysUser.getPassword())){ throw new BadCredentialsException("密码错误，请重新输入"); } List permissionList = permissionService.findByUserId(sysUser.getId()); List authorityList = new ArrayList<>(); if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(permissionList)) { for (SysPermission sysPermission : permissionList) { authorityList.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(sysPermission.getCode())); } } User myUser = new User(sysUser.getUsername(), passwordEncoder.encode(sysUser.getPassword()), authorityList); log.info("登录成功！用户: {}", myUser); return myUser; } } 二. 实现自定义登陆页面
前提是，你们已经解决了自定义登陆页面配置的问题，这里不做讨论。
通过 thymeleaf 表达式获取错误信息（我们选择thymeleaf模板引擎）
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登录
Spring-Security登陆表单提交过程
当用户从登录页提交账号密码的时候，首先由
org.springframework.security.web.authentication包下的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter类attemptAuthentication（）
方法来处理登陆逻辑。
public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException { if (postOnly && !request.getMethod().equals("POST")) { throw new AuthenticationServiceException( "Authentication method not supported: " + request.getMethod()); } String username = obtainUsername(request); String password = obtainPassword(request); if (username == null) { username = ""; } if (password == null) { password = ""; } username = username.trim(); UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( username, password); // Allow subclasses to set the "details" property setDetails(request, authRequest); return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest); }1. 该类内部默认的登录请求url是"/login"，并且只允许POST方式的请求。
2. obtainUsername()方法参数名为"username"和"password"从HttpServletRequest中获取用户名和密码（由此可以找到突破口，我们可以在自定义实现的loadUserByUsername方法中获取到提交的账号和密码，进而检查正则性）。
3. 通过构造方法UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken，将用户名和密码分别赋值给principal和credentials。
public UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(Object principal, Object credentials) { super((Collection)null); this.principal = principal; this.credentials = credentials; this.setAuthenticated(false); }super(null)调用的是父类的构造方法，传入的是权限集合，因为目前还没有认证通过，所以不知道有什么权限信息，这里设置为null,然后将用户名和密码分别赋值给principal和credentials，同样因为此时还未进行身份认证，所以setAuthenticated(false)。
到此为止，用户提交的表单信息已加载完成，继续往下则是校验表单提交的账号和密码是否正确。
那么异常一下是如何传递给前端的呢
前面提到用户登录验证的过滤器是UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter，它继承自AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter。
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res; if (!requiresAuthentication(request, response)) { chain.doFilter(request, response); return; } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Request is to process authentication"); } Authentication authResult; try { authResult = attemptAuthentication(request, response); if (authResult == null) { // return immediately as subclass has indicated that it hasn't completed // authentication return; } sessionStrategy.onAuthentication(authResult, request, response); } catch (InternalAuthenticationServiceException failed) { logger.error( "An internal error occurred while trying to authenticate the user.", failed); unsuccessfulAuthentication(request, response, failed); return; } catch (AuthenticationException failed) { // Authentication failed unsuccessfulAuthentication(request, response, failed); return; } // Authentication success if (continueChainBeforeSuccessfulAuthentication) { chain.doFilter(request, response); } successfulAuthentication(request, response, chain, authResult); }从代码片段中看到Spring将异常捕获后交给了unsuccessfulAuthentication这个方法来处理。
unsuccessfulAuthentication又交给了failureHandler(AuthenticationFailureHandler)来处理，然后追踪failureHandler
protected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException failed) throws IOException, ServletException { SecurityContextHolder.clearContext(); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Authentication request failed: " + failed.toString(), failed); logger.debug("Updated SecurityContextHolder to contain null Authentication"); logger.debug("Delegating to authentication failure handler " + failureHandler); } rememberMeServices.loginFail(request, response); failureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(request, response, failed); }Ctrl + 左键 追踪failureHandler引用的类是，SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler。
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler = new SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler(); private AuthenticationFailureHandler failureHandler = new SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler();
找到SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler类中的，onAuthenticationFailure（）方法。
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException { if (defaultFailureUrl == null) { logger.debug("No failure URL set, sending 401 Unauthorized error"); response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, "Authentication Failed: " + exception.getMessage()); } else { saveException(request, exception); if (forwardToDestination) { logger.debug("Forwarding to " + defaultFailureUrl); request.getRequestDispatcher(defaultFailureUrl) .forward(request, response); } else { logger.debug("Redirecting to " + defaultFailureUrl); redirectStrategy.sendRedirect(request, response, defaultFailureUrl); } } }追踪到saveException(request, exception)的内部实现。
protected final void saveException(HttpServletRequest request, AuthenticationException exception) { if (forwardToDestination) { request.setAttribute(WebAttributes.AUTHENTICATION_EXCEPTION, exception); } else { HttpSession session = request.getSession(false); if (session != null || allowSessionCreation) { request.getSession().setAttribute(WebAttributes.AUTHENTICATION_EXCEPTION, exception); } } }此处的
request.getSession().setAttribute(WebAttributes.AUTHENTICATION_EXCEPTION, exception);
就是存储到session中的错误信息，key就是
public static final String AUTHENTICATION_EXCEPTION = "SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION";
因此我们通过thymeleaf模板引擎的表达式可获得session的信息。
获取方式
需要注意：saveException保存的是Session对象所以需要使用${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION.message}获取。
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持0133技术站。
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